Geo-features play a key role in object-oriented or feature-based geo-processing system. So the strategy for how-tomanage and how-to-model the geo-features builds the main architecture of the entire system and also supports the efficiency and functionality of the system. Unlike the conventional 2D geo-processing system, geo-features in 3D GIS have lots to be considered to model regarding the eff...

Are the root causes of current inflationary tensions geostrategic in nature? A global perspective major issues pitting United States and its Western allies against China Russia, for most part, is not only necessary but unavoidable. Is a clash blocks now at work with Russian invasion Ukraine? These are military nature but, above all, an economic, commercial financial one. Monetary budgetary resp...

A practical hierarchical component-based WebGIS model referred to as Geo-Union is presented. Geo-Union consists of four layers: storage layer, service layer, component layer and application layer. Service layer is partitioned into another two layers: Geo-Union client and Geo-Union server. The architectures and object diagram of each layer in Geo-Union are discussed in details. After that, four ...

An argumentation map is an online discussion forum for spatially related topics that combines the forum with an interactive map. The utility of an argumentation mapping tool highly depends on the accuracy and quantity of the geo-tags that link the discussion contributions to geographic locations. These geo-tags can be created manually by the users of the argumentation map or automatically by a ...