Background: In vivo dosimetry is a method for estimation of overall error in the delivered dose to the patients at the end of radiotherapy process. In this research, two methods for target dose calculation were evaluated on midline and central axis of photon beams in in vivo dosimetry of thorax fields. Materials and Methods: Entrance and exit doses for anterior and lateral fields of thorax were...

The attractive nature of the antikaon-nucleon interaction suggests that few-body systems antikaons and nucleons can exist. author presents a new study exotic $\overline{K}\phantom{\rule{0}{0ex}}N\phantom{\rule{0}{0ex}}N\phantom{\rule{0}{0ex}}N$ system. Four-body Faddeev-type equations are used to evaluate binding energy width quasi-bound state in dependence results on two-body nucleon-nucleon i...

Acoustic metamaterials hold great potential for applications in the sensing and control of sound waves. These materials rely on their geometry, not composition, functionality, but geometric configurations are usually fixed when they fabricated, limiting potential. In this study, researchers exploit reversibility, reprogrammability, inherently nondestructive nature nonlinear magnetic lattices to...

BACKGROUND High-energy linear accelerator (linac) is a valuable tool and the most commonly used device for external beam radiation treatments in cancer patients. In the linac head, high-energy photons with energies above the threshold of (γ,n) interaction produce photoneutrons. These photoneutrons deliver the extra dose to the patients undergoing radiation treatment and increase the risk of sec...

AGNETIC resonance imaging (MRI) provides an excellent modality for distinguishing different tissues in the human body, which is essential for medical applications. When MRI is used for stereotactic treatment planning, its geometric accuracy is crucial. Previous studies have been conducted to correct the distortion caused by nonlinearity of the MRI scanner’s magnetic gradient fields by imaging a...