This paper presents a Bayesian framework for manipulating mesh surfaces with the aim of improving positional integrity geological boundaries that they seek to represent. The assumption is these surfaces, created initially using sparse data, capture global trend and provide reasonable approximation stratigraphic, mineralisation other types mining exploration, but are locally inaccurate at scales...

The river reach is a pervasive term within contemporary river research and applications. Yet, despite its prevalence, there is a notable lack of consistency in its definition. This paper identifies the prevalence of two broad types of reach definition within the academic literature: operational, and functional, and argues that a functional definition is more suitable for applications within riv...

The Neoproterozoic era was arguably the most revolutionary in Earth history. Extending from 1000 to 541 million years ago, it stands at the intersection of the two great tracts of evolutionary time: on the one side, some three billion years of pervasively microbial 'Precambrian' life, and on the other the modern 'Phanerozoic' biosphere with its extraordinary diversity of large multicellular org...

Analysis of spatial, temporal, geological and geochemical patterns of ophiolites in the Indonesian and New Guinea region indicates a strong correlation with marginal basin development and closure. The spatial distribution of ophiolites is mostly linked with marginal basin producing zones of oblique convergence and collision. Strain partitioning in these zones creates a series of ephemeral plate...

We explored the potential incorporation of Sentinel-2A imagery for rock unit determination in Croatian karst region dominated by carbonate rocks. The various lithological units are sources both stone aggregates and dimension stone, their spatial distribution is high importance mineral resource management. presented approach included preprocessing processing existing analog data (geological maps...

This and two companion papers (The Anthropocene and Geography I: The back story and The Anthropocene and Geography III: Future Directions) consider the relevance of 'the Anthropocene' to present and future research in Geography. Along with the concept of 'planetary boundaries', the idea that humanity has entered a new geological epoch of its own making is currently attracting considerable atten...

Elena Nilsen, U.S. Geological Survey, Geologic Division Robert Rosenbauer, U.S. Geological Survey, Geologic Division Edward Furlong, U.S. Geological Survey, Methods Research and Development Program Mark Burkhardt, U.S. Geological Survey, Methods Research and Development Program Stephen Werner, U.S. Geological Survey, Methods Research and Development Program Lisa Greaser, U.S. Geological Survey,...

Common industry practice means that geological or stratigraphic boundaries are estimated from exploration drill holes. While holes provide opportunities for accurate data at a high resolution down the hole, their acquisition is cost-intensive, which can result in number of drilled being reduced. In contrast, sampling with ground-penetrating radar (GPR) cost-effective, non-destructive, and compa...