The topological indices, defined as the sum of contributions of all pairs of vertices (among which are the Wiener, Harary, hyper–Wiener indices, degree distance, and many others), are expressed in terms of contributions of edges and pairs of edges.

We give sharp upper bounds on the Zagreb indices and lower bounds on the Zagreb coindices of chemical trees and characterize the case of equality for each of these topological invariants.

Background: Tramadol is an opioid analgesic indicated for the management of moderate and severe pains. Its side effects, in parts are due to the activation of µ receptors and in parts to increasing central catecholamine and serotonin levels. In the case of long administration, tramadol has a potential to cause dependency, tolerance and also drug abuse. After prohibition of injective diclofenac,...

introduction: the e xecution of composed educational programs for general practitioners is one of the most common methods of continuing medical education. this research project aims to evaluate one of these programs. methods: for this purpose, a pre- and post-test design was developed. the subjects consisted of 45 participants. they were tested (by a 76 mcq knowledge test) in two stages: before...

in this paper, we de ne the concepts of general fuzzy recognizer, language recognized by a general fuzzy recognizer, the accessible and the coac- cessible parts of a general fuzzy recognizer and the reversal of a general fuzzy recognizer. then we obtain the relationships between them and construct a topology and some hypergroups on a general fuzzy recognizer.

it is well-known that “casual conditional” in islamic logics has been used with two meanings: “specific conditional” and “general conditional”. however, viewing the works of the muslim logicians, we find out that these two meanings of “casual conditional” have been interpreted in two various ways: each of the general and specific conditionals is sometimes interpreted as the condition of “non-ne...

Background & Aims: Excessive stress in addition to causing physical and psychological problems in General Practitioners (GPs), can lead to decreased quality of patient care. This research aimed to find the frequency of burnout in general practitioners of Kerman city. Methods: This descriptive analytic study was carried out on 150 GPS in Kerman city in 2009. Data gathering was done by Maslach qu...

In this paper, we de ne the concepts of general fuzzy recognizer, language recognized by a general fuzzy recognizer, the accessible and the coac- cessible parts of a general fuzzy recognizer and the reversal of a general fuzzy recognizer. Then we obtain the relationships between them and construct a topology and some hypergroups on a general fuzzy recognizer.

in a thousands beds general hospital affiliated to the tehran university, long-standing infestations of insects such as cockroaches, flies, mosquitoes and rat were found as a result of vicious circles and substandard clearing which are due to not well trained and drilled personnel of contracting agency, out of work condition of two incinerators, quasti-administrative aspects of their program on...