Whereas traditional theories of gender development have focused on individualistic paths, recent analyses have argued for a more social categorical approach to children's understanding of gender. Using a modeling paradigm based on K. Bussey and A. Bandura (1984), 3 experiments (N = 62, N = 32, and N = 64) examined preschoolers' (M age = 52.9 months) imitation of, and memory for, behaviors of sa...

The twentieth century can be considered the century of gender approaches. From extremist and one-sided movements to moderate and neutral schools of thought about gender, which have surrounded the last century and all of them had originated in achieving gender justice, but each has taken a different approach as a different definition of equity. The curriculum is no exception to this rule. The pu...

What causes same-sex attraction? Or, more broadly, what controls sex/gender-based attraction? Over the years there have been numerous theories, but more recently scientists have focused on the biology and, more specifically, the neurobiology of gender-based attraction. This article takes the reader through a critical review of the current literature related to sex/gender-based attraction. In ex...

The gender question in computer science is often presented as: “Why are there sofew women in computer science and what can be done about that?” This questionusually focuses on women. Sometimes ‘men’ or ‘gender’ enter the discussions.However, it is not common that the second part of the sentence computer scienceis considered. The papers in this thesis challenge, in different ways...

This paper argues that our sociological explanations of the historical advent of gender stratification in the Occident has given too much attention to techno-economic causes and too little attention to religious, cultural and ideological causes. Evidence for this claim is taken from archeology, mythology and anthropology for the relevant historical period (4500 and 3000 BC) in Eurasia. I assert...

Pooling microdata from five Australian censuses, I explore the relationship between child gender and parents’ marital status. By contrast with the USA, I find no evidence that the gender of the first child has a significant impact on the decision to marry or divorce. However, among two-child families, parents with two children of the same sex are 1.7 percentage points less likely to be married ...

We use principles from multilevel theory, complexity theory, and connectionist theory to integrate existing gender bias explanations into a comprehensive model of gender bias in leadership, one that can be used to examine and understand how throughout the leadership process gender bias occurs and can affect women negatively. The synthesis of connectionism and complexity theories provides an opp...

course books do not only educate students but also prepare them to take responsibilities proportional to their gender as planned by the author. this research is trying to examine the way that gender is represented in farsi books of middle school and the first three grades of high school in non-human science fields in the academic year 2009-10. research method was through analyzing the quantity ...

Empirical studies into meaning systems surrounding implicit theories of intelligence typically entail two stringent assumptions: that different implicit theories and different effort beliefs represent opposite poles on a single scale, and that implicit theories directly impact the constructs as achievement goals and academic motivations. Through an empirical study based on a large sample of uni...