Topical therapy of onychomycosis, a fungal infection of nail plate and/or nail bed, offers an attractive alternative to treatment with systemic antifungals. To treat fungal infections locally, antifungal-loaded nail lacquers have been prepared in our laboratory. Franz diffusion cells have been used to investigate drug permeation from such lacquers into and through the nail plate in vitro. Altho...

Sonically treated and saline-extracted antigens of Brucella ovis, B. canis, B. abortus, and B. melitensis were compared in gel diffusion, complement fixation, and serum absorption tests. All the sonically extracted antigens showed cross-reactions with sera from animals infected or immunized with these species, whereas the saline-extracted antigens were specific for the surface of the rough or s...

A simple gel immunodiffusion agar procedure was developed for detecting toxigenic strains of Clostridium botulinum type A. The method consisted of overlaying colonies grown on thin-layer tryptone-peptone-glucose-yeast extract agar with gel diffusion agar containing desired levels of C. botulinum type A antitoxin. Concentric precipitin zones formed around colonies of C. botulinum type A. Strains...

Quercetin is a flavonoid from group of polyphenolic compounds. can be used as an alternative to acne treatment, predominantly triggered by Propionibacterium acnes. This study aimed determine the effect and proportion carbopol 940, propylene glycol, glycerin on physical quality quercetin gel, ability optimum formula in antibacterial test, its diffusion using Franz diffusion. uses factorial desig...

Taylor-Robinson, David (National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md.), Norman L. Somerson, Horace C. Turner, and Robert M. Chanock. Serological relationships among human mycoplasmas as shown by complement-fixation and gel diffusion. J. Bacteriol. 85:1261-1273. 1963.-Antigenic relationships among human mycoplasmas were studied by complement-fixation and agar gel diffusion techniques. Four recogn...

Vaginally applied microbicide products offer a female-controlled strategy for preventing sexual transmission of HIV. Microbicide transport processes are central to their functioning, and there is a clear need for a better understanding of them. To contribute to that end, we developed an assay to analyze mass transport rates of microbicide molecules within the epithelial and stromal layers of po...

preparation and characterization of thermoresponsive in-situ forming poloxamer hydrogel for controlled release of nile red-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles. nanoparticles (nps) are cleared rapidly from systemic circulation and do not provide sustained action in most cases. to solve this problem, this investigation introduces an erodible in-situ forming gel system as potential vehicles for prolo...

1. Review the concept of heat and the processes of diffusion and osmosis. Learn the factors that affect the rate of diffusion. 2. Observe Brownian motion and relate this observation to the concept of heat energy. 3. Measure the speed of diffusion of dyes in a gel, and the speed of diffusion of gases in air. Relate the speed of diffusion to molecular mass and medium. 4. Investigate the process o...

Background: Since 1984 MRI gel dosimetry has been introduced as a potential technique for 3D dosimetry. Most of the studies have measured R1 (1/T1) or R2 (1/T2) properties of the gel depending on the gel type. We have studied image intensity change in the Fricke gel by different MRI protocols. Materials and Methods: Gel Dosimeters contain 0.4 mM ferrous sulphate, 1 mM NaCl, 50 mM H2SO4 and 1% b...

Self-oscillating polymer gel has become a distinguished class of smart soft materials. Here we fabricated and demonstrated a self-oscillating structural gel network with the incorporation of the Belousov-Zhabotinsky (BZ) reaction. The structural polymer gel oscillates at a macroscopic level with remarkably faster kinetics compared to a normal gel of similar chemical compositions. The structural...