The proteins known as growth differentiation factors (GDFs) are members of the BMP family; GDF-5, -6, and -7 play important roles in skeletogenesis, especially with regard to chondrogenesis. The functional differences among these GDFs in chondrogenesis and chondrocyte cell differentiation remains unclear. Here, we attempt to assay cell proliferation, the production of chondrogenic matrices indi...

Background/Aims Growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF-15) belongs to the transforming growth factor-β superfamily. GDF-15 is emerging as a biomarker for several diseases. The aim of this study was to determine the clinical performances of GDF-15 for the prediction of liver fibrosis and severity in chronic liver disease. Methods The serum GDF-15 levels were examined via enzyme immunoassay in 1...

Growth differentiation factor-15 (GDF-15) has been identified as an endogenous anti-hypertrophy effect. However, the association of plasma GDF-15 levels with left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) in hypertension is poorly understood. We investigate the effect of plasma GDF-15 levels on left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) in hypertension. We measured the plasma levels of GDF-15 in 299 untreated hype...

One of the key issues in practical speech recognition is to achieve robust gender identification. Most conventional gender identification approaches use relevant features derived from the magnitude spectrum. In this paper, we propose a novel gender identification method using a group delay function (GDF). Based on the statistical analysis of the GDF, it is found that the GDF is an effective fea...

OBJECTIVE Growth differentiation factor-15 (GDF-15) has been identified as a strong marker of cardiovascular disease; however, no data are available concerning the role of GDF-15 in the occurrence of organ dysfunction during coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) associated with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). METHODS Five arterial blood samples were taken sequentially in 34 patients from anest...

An improved version of the function estimation program GDF is presented. The main enhancements of the new version include: multi-output function estimation, capability of defining custom functions in the grammar and selection of the error function. The new version has been evaluated on a series of classification and regression datasets, that are widely used for the evaluation of such methods. I...

It has been 50 years since Dr. William B. Kannel coined the term “factors of risk” in relation to cardiovascular disease (1). Since then, clinical risk assessment, including the use of circulating biomarkers, has become an integral part of medical practice. The current era of genomics, proteomics, and metabolomics is projected to lead to the discovery of an immense number of novel candidate bio...

The most ideal implant models in the dental and orthopedic fields to minimize the failure rate of implantation involve the improvement of osseointegration with host bone. Therefore, a focus of this study is the preparation of surface-modified titanium (Ti) samples of disc and screw types using dexamethasone (DEX) and/or growth and differentiation factor-5 (GDF-5), as well as the evaluation of t...

Growth and differentiation factor-15 (GDF-15) has been implicated in fibrosis, inflammation, and ventricular remodeling. The role of GDF-15 in the regulation of cardiac remodeling in idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) remains poorly defined. This study attempts to analyze the molecular interactions between GDF-15 and markers of fibrosis as well as its positive correlations with worsening f...

Background Bipolar disorder (BD) is a mood disorder associated with cardiovascular and metabolic diseases and premature aging. Growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF-15) has emerged as a biomarker for cardiovascular risk and aging. Our aim was to compare plasma levels of GDF-15 between BD patients and controls, and to evaluate whether they were associated with clinical parameters. Methods Fort...