Chronic duodenogastric reflux induces gastric adenocarcinomas in the rat without the use of carcinogens. Altogether, 186 male Wistar rats were randomised to undergo either a simple gastrojejunostomy or a gastrotomy and sacrificed at eight weekly intervals for 56 weeks. No control animals developed dysplasia or carcinoma. All rats subjected to a gastrojejunostomy showed hyperplasia of the prolif...