A dose response study of the effect on gastric acid secretion of synthetic human gastrin-17 in doses of 50,200, and 500 ng/kg/h was performed in eight healthy volunteers and in eight patients with duodenal ulcer. The study was repeated on a separate day during intravenous infusion of calcium gluconate (0.1 mmol Ca2+/kg/h). In healthy subjects the acid response to the combined infusion of synthe...

Toll-like receptor 4 is a part of the innate immune system and recognizes Helicobacter pylori lipopolysaccharide. The goal of this study was to analyze the role of Toll-like receptor 4 polymorphisms +896 (rs4986790) and +1196 (rs4986791) in the pathogenesis of Helicobacter pylori related gastroduodenal diseases in relation to gastric secretion and inflammation. Toll-like receptor 4 polymorphism...

It has been recently shown that gastric cancer patients have higher circulating gastrin levels than control subjects (Rakic et al., 1991). We measured fasting serum gastrin in patients with gastric cancer in an attempt to define whether any difference could be demonstrated according to the histologic type of tumour. The study population consisted of 61 patients with histologically proven gastri...

Using a library of radioimmunoassays against essential sequences of human progastrin and procholecystokinin, we have examined the occurrence of gastrin, cholecystokinin, and their precursors in bronchogenic adenocarcinomas, large-cell, small-cell, and squamous-cell carcinomas (n = 17). Progastrin and some of its bioactive (i.e., alpha-carboxyamidated) products were present in all tumors, irresp...

The history of gastrin began in 1905 when Edkins observed than an extract of gastric antral mucosa proved to have extraordinary potency in stimulating gastric acid secretion. Approximately 60 years later gastrin was isolated and characterised by Gregory and Tracy (1964). It is composed of a single peptide chain of 17 amino-acids (G17) with a molecular weight of 2100. Two forms of gastrin, I and...

Fasting gastrin levels in serum were measured in 49 patients with different types of chronic gastritis and in matched controls. In 15 patients with established pernicious anaemia the mean (+/- S.E. of mean) level of gastrin was greatly raised (699 +/- 99 pg/ml). In 17 patients with chronic atrophic gastritis, seropositive for parietal cell antibody but with adequate vitamin-B(12) absorption, th...

polypeptides containing 17 amino acids and their structures were subsequently confirmed by total synthesis by Anderson et al. (3). During the studies on synthetic polypeptides structurally related to gastrin, Tracy and Gregory (4) discovered that the C-terminal tetrapeptide, Try. Met. Asp. Phe. NH,, could show the full range of physiological actions of natural porcine gastrin, even though it wa...

BACKGROUND AND AIM An algorithm (GastroPanel) for the non-invasive diagnosis of atrophic gastritis has been previously proposed, based on serum pepsinogen-I, gastrin-17, and Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) antibodies. The aim of the present study was to evaluate whether serum markers correlate with and predict gastric atrophy in gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) patients. METHODS The bas...

Precursor forms of peptide hormones may be biologically active with effects distinct from the mature end product. Nonamidated progastrin-derived peptides stimulate growth of colonic epithelium and are elevated in the circulation of patients with colorectal carcinomas, whereas the amidated end product is the major regulator of gastric acidity. Using region-specific radioimmunoassays, we here com...