Many older homes are equipped with mercury-containing gas regulators that reduce the pressure of natural gas in the mains to the low pressure used in home gas piping. Removal of these regulators can result in elemental mercury spills inside the home. In the summer of 2000, mercury spills were discovered in the basements of several Chicago-area homes after removal of gas regulators by gas compan...

Pakistan is a gas rich but power poor country. It consumes approximately 1, 559 Billion cubic feet of natural gas annually. Gas is transported around the country in a system of pressurized transmission pipelines under a pressure range of 600-1000 psig exclusively operated by two state owned companies i.e. SNGPL (Sui Northern Gas Pipelines Limited) and SSGCL (Sui Southern Gas Company Limited). T...

In [9], De Wolf and Smeers consider the problem of the optimal dimensioning of a gas transmission network when the topology of the network is known. The pipe diameters must been chosen to minimize the sum of the investment and operating costs. This two stage problem was solved by application of the bundle method for nonsmooth optimization. This model does not reflect any more the current situat...

the importance of leadership in organizations, has prompted scientists and researchers to discover the characteristics of successful leaders in organizations and also to try to assign the characteristics of a successful leaders. following these efforts, in recent decades various schools and theories on leadership were formed and also were introduced to scientific community. servant leadership c...

in today’s competitive world employees with engagement can interact with their job and have desirable job performance. since improvement of employees’ job performance is the key of efficiency in all levels of organization, investigation of variables leading to the improvement of job performance is of great importance. thus the purpose of the present research is to analyze the effect of employee...

An Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) algorithm is proposed for optimal tree-structured natural gas distribution network. Design of pipelines, facilities, and equipment systems are necessary tasks to configure an optimal natural gas network. A mixed integer programming model is formulated to minimize the total cost in the network. The aim is to optimize pipe diameter sizes so that the location-alloc...

We present a mutiple-perspective collaboration metamodel, which mixes Place-Centred and People-Centred perspectives. It allows instances of the metamodel to be derived and experimented until the more adequate to a particular situation is found. It also allows parametric changes in run-time, enhancing the flexibility of the metamodel. The motivation for this work was extracted from the necessity...

Outline and summary • Oil company reserves disclosures are one of the most important pieces of information that the financial sector requires in order to analyse, compare and contrast the past and prospective operational performance of oil and gas exploration and production firms. • Recent reserves re-categorizations by several companies have only served to highlight the inadequacy of the publi...