introduction: in recent years, due to the reduction in surface water, utilization of groundwater has been increased to meet the growing demand of irrigation water. the quality of these water resources is continually changing, due to the geological formations, the amount of utilization, and climatic parameters. in many developing countries, the irrigation water is obtained from poor quality grou...

in management, the monitoring means systematic collection and storage of data from activities and strategies that provide assessment and report about the overall condition of the study area. in this research, among different existing methods, imdpa model was selected for monitoring desertification in garmsar plain. based on the study area two criteria including agriculture and water were select...

Introduction of ostrich (Struthio camelus domesticus), a new exotic host species to a new ecosystem likeIran, necessitates the study of its infectious diseases including parasitic infestations. For a period of one year, from 2002–03, faecal samples of 254 ostriches on 5 farms located at different parts of Iran, includingGarmsar, Semnan province (n = 85); Nashtaroud, Mazandaran province (n = 29)...

in this paper the risk of heavy metals discharged from the acidic sludge leachate into groundwater in a landfill located in fajr industrial area )garmsar( has been assessed using iwem software. acidic sludge as one of the industrial hazardous wastes is produced during purification of used oil with mienken )acidic( method. the concentrations of heavy metals )cd, ni, co, pb, zn, mn, cu( in the ac...

the present article has been prepared based on two field research studies undertaken to identify the vulnerable strata in rural areas of iran’s garmsar and dasht-e azadegan regions2. as will be demonstrated below, the findings of the two studies show that the development policies implemented during recent decades--policies emphasizing strategies of structural adjustment, liberalization, and pri...

the main objevtive  of  the study is to determine the factors which influence the addeptance or rejection of rural livestock insurance in garmsar. the research method is descriptive one. there are  two groups of  research populations: 1467 cases in acceptance group & 7000 cases in rejection group. the sample population is 320 cases among 8467 ones. data collection instrumennt is questionnaire. ...