we state several conditions under which comultiplication and weak comultiplication modulesare cyclic and study strong comultiplication modules and comultiplication rings. in particular,we will show that every faithful weak comultiplication module having a maximal submoduleover a reduced ring with a finite indecomposable decomposition is cyclic. also we show that if m is an strong comultiplicati...

In this paper, we introduce the notions of intuitionistic fuzzy prime (resp. strongly prime and semiprime) bi-ideals of a semigroup. By using these ideas we characterize those semigroups for which each intuitionistic fuzzy bi-ideal is semiprime and strongly prime. Key words: Intuitionistic fuzzy set; intuitionistic fuzzy bi-ideal; intuitionistic fuzzy prime (resp. strongly prime and semiprime) ...

By considering the notion of multiplication modules over a commutative ring with identity, first we introduce the notion product of two submodules of such modules. Then we use this notion to characterize the prime submodules of a multiplication module. Finally, we state and prove a version of Nakayama lemma for multiplication modules and find some related basic results. 1. Introduction. Let R b...

Let R be a commutative ring with identity and M an R–module. If M is either locally cyclic projective or faithful multiplication then M is locally either zero or isomorphic to R. We investigate locally cyclic projective modules and the properties they have in common with faithful multiplication modules. Our main tool is the trace ideal. We see that the module structure of a locally cyclic proje...

In this paper, we introduce the notion of fuzzy ideal,fuzzy weak ideal,fuzzy weakly prime left ideal and fuzzy prime left ideal system of a near-subtraction semigroup. We characterize fuzzy weak ideal and fuzzy ideal of a near-subtraction semigroup X through weak ideal and ideal of X respectively. We have shown that a fuzzy left ideal μ of a nearsubtraction semigroup X is a fuzzy weakly prime l...

The notions of prime(semiprime) fuzzy h-ideal(h-biideal, h-quasi-ideal) in Γ-hemiring are introduced and some of their characterizations are obtained by using ”belongingness(∈)” and ”quasi − coincidence(q)”. Cartesian product of prime(semiprime) fuzzy h-ideals of Γ-hemirings are also investigated. Keywords—Γ-hemiring, Fuzzy h-ideals, Prime fuzzy left h-ideal, Prime(semiprime) (∈,∈ ∨q)-fuzzy lef...

Let R be a commutative hyperring with identity. We introduceand study prime fuzzy hyperideals of R. We investigate the Zariski topologyon FHspec(R), the spectrum of prime fuzzy hyperideals of R.

Let l be a prime, and let Γ be a finite subgroup of GLn(Fl) = GL(V ). With these assumptions we say that Condition (C) holds if for every irreducible Γ-submodule W ⊂ ad V there exists an element g ∈ Γ with an eigenvalue α such that tr eg,αW 6= 0. Here, eg,α denotes the projection to the generalised α-eigenspace of g. This condition arises in the definition of adequacy in section 2. Let Γ denote...

Let l be a prime, and let Γ be a finite subgroup of GLn(Fl) = GL(V ). With these assumptions we say that Condition (C) holds if for every irreducible Γ-submodule W ⊂ ad V there exists an element g ∈ Γ with an eigenvalue α such that tr eg,αW 6= 0. Here, eg,α denotes the projection to the generalised α-eigenspace of g. This condition arises in the definition of adequacy in section 2. Let Γ denote...

In this paper we investigate further properties of fuzzy ideals of a BL-algebra. The notions of fuzzy prime ideals, fuzzy irreducible ideals, and fuzzy Gödel ideals of a BL-algebra are introduced and their several properties are investigated. We give a procedure to generate a fuzzy ideal by a fuzzy set. We prove that every fuzzy irreducible ideal is a fuzzy prime ideal but a fuzzy prime ideal m...