BACKGROUND According to traditional Persian medicine (TPM) resources, the human digestive system includes four steps. In the first step, gastric digestion, the ingested food pours into the stomach and changes into the leachate called chylous due to the heat produced in the stomach. In the second step, hepatic digestion, the chylous enters in the liver through mesenteric vessels and transforms i...

Background and objectives: Herbal aromatic waters are one of the products used in the Iranian traditional medicine. These products have small amount of essential oil. The purpose of this study was to identify the effective substances of herbal aromatic waters by various techniques (GC/FID and GC/MS). It is hoped that with assessment of these compounds by mentioned techniques a ...

BACKGROUND Physical fitness is a fundamental prerequisite for soccer players. Kaempferia parviflora is an herbal plant that has been used in some Asian athletes with the belief that it might prevent fatigue and improve physical fitness. This study aimed to determine the effects of Kaempferia parviflora on the physical fitness of soccer players. MATERIAL AND METHODS Sixty soccer players who ro...

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the anticonvulsant effect of whole plant extracts of Melissa parviflora using MES and PTZ induced seizures models. The dried whole plant was subjected to extraction in methanol and water. The extracts were subjected to phytochemical tests and the carbohydrate, flavonols, coumarins, glycosides and steroid were found to be present. The methanolic and a...

In this study, the effects of extracts and flavone derivatives from the rhizome of Kaempferia parviflora on multidrug resistance associated-proteins (MRP)-mediated transport in A549 cells were examined. The cells employed express MRP1 and MRP2, but not P-glycoprotein. The cellular accumulation of calcein, an MRP substrate, was significantly increased by various MRP inhibitors without being affe...

Purpose: To investigate the chemical composition and toxicity of the essential oil of Glycosmis parviflora (Sims) Little aerial parts against root-knot nematode and two grain storage insects (maize weevil and red flour beetle). Methods: Steam distillation of G. parviflora was carried out using Clavenger apparatus in order to extract its volatile oil. Gas chromatography/mass spectrometric (GC/MS...

Fumaria capreolata is used in traditional medicine in North Africa for its gastrointestinal and anti-inflammatory activities. The present study investigates the effects of total alkaloids extracted from the aerial parts of Fumaria capreolata (AFC) on LPS-induced production of proinflammatory mediators (IL-6, IL-1β, iNOS, TNF-α, COX-2, and MIP-2) in RAW264.7 cells. AFC significantly reduced the ...

The concentration of alkaloidal constituents of Fumaria indica at different stages of its life span were estimated. The total alkaloid content was found maximum between 21 - 40 days whereas a mark able variations in the concentrations of pure individual alkaloids at different stages were observed.

Two new antifungal withanolides, (1) and (2) have been isolated from the defatted methanolic extract of Ajuga parviflora. Their structures were established as 3/3,17/3,20-trihydroxyl-oxo-(20/?, 22/?)-witha-5,14,24-trienolide (1), 28-hydroxy-14,20-epoxy-l-oxo-(22/?)-witha2,5,24-trienolide (2) on the basis of spectroscopic data including two dimensional NMR tech­ niques. The pyrrolizidine alkaloi...

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of extracts and flavone derivatives from the rhizome of Kaempferia parviflora on P-glycoprotein (P-gp)-mediated transport in LLC-GA5-COL150, a transfectant cell line of a porcine kidney epithelial cell line LLC-PK1 with human MDR1 cDNA. Ethanol extract obtained from Kaempferia parviflora rhizome significantly increased the accumulation of rho...