Current procedures for estimating occupant risk in real-world vehicle crashes do not account for the performance of the occupant restraints, such as seatbelts and airbags. This paper compares the ability of two restraint performance metrics, the ridedown efficiency and the restraint quotient, to predict occupant injury as measured by a crash test dummy. The responses of crash test dummies were ...

Active safety features and adjustments to the New Car Assessment Program (NCAP) consumer-information crash tests have the potential to decrease the number of serious traffic injuries each year, according to previous studies. However, literature suggests that risk reductions, particularly in the automotive market, are often accompanied by adjusted consumer risk tolerance, and so these potential ...

Real-life crashes with cars fitted with on-board crash pulse recorders were used to study the influence of their collision partner, in both twoand single-vehicle crashes, on crash severity and injury risk. The crash severity was lower in single-vehicle crashes compared with two-vehicle crashes. Both average change of velocity and mean acceleration were lower and average pulse duration was longe...

This paper will discuss the advances in biofidelity and injury assessment provided by the THOR Frontal Crash Test Dummy, particularly in regard to use by the aircraft safety industry. Following a brief background on the THOR development project, injury data from the Kegworth crash in 1989 will be presented to exemplify the specific types and severity of injuries which may occur in a commercial ...

In a laboratory crash test, the injuries of occupants, such as Head Injure Criterion (HIC), Nij, Combined Thorax Index (CTI) etc., can be obtained and transferred to the Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS). The calculated AIS value usually represents the severity of injury and can be adopted to evaluate the safety of the test vehicle. However, the AIS cannot reflect the medical resources consumed du...

The occupant impact velocity (OIV) and acceleration severity index (ASI) are competing measures of crash severity used to assess occupant injury risk in full-scale crash tests involving roadside safety hardware, e.g. guardrail. Delta-V, or the maximum change in vehicle velocity, is the traditional metric of crash severity for real world crashes. This study compares the ability of the OIV, ASI, ...

BACKGROUND This study is to report characteristics of people killed in road traffic crashes and to describe major patterns of traffic crashes in China. METHODS Descriptive and inferential statistical analyses were conducted. Road traffic death national data, population denominator data and motor vehicles data of 2009 were obtained from the Bureau of Traffic Management at Ministry of Public Se...

Much of the recent decline in road traffic injuries and fatalities in developed nations is attributed to government regulations and institutional crash test ratings. While the regulations provide minimum performance or equipment requirements, crash tests provide a standardized method for crashworthiness comparisons between vehicles, and they do so using prescribed crash scenarios that aim to re...