Ray–based representations can model complex light transport but are limited in modeling diffraction effects that require the simulation of wavefront propagation. This paper provides a new paradigm that has the simplicity of light path tracing and yet provides an accurate characterization of both Fresnel and Fraunhofer diffraction. We introduce the concept of a light field transformer at the int...

A family of generalized Jinc functions is defined and analyzed. The zero-order one is just the traditional Jinc function. In terms of these functions, series-form expressions are presented for the Fresnel diffraction of a circular aperture illuminated by converging spherical waves or plane waves. The leading term is nothing but the Airy formula for the Fraunhofer diffraction of circular apertur...

Direct measurement of scattered fields from oxide confinement apertures in vertical-cavity lasers is presented. Diffraction fringes associated with each transverse lasing mode are detected in the far field from devices with varying oxide aperture dimensions and with quantum efficiencies as high as 48%. The diffracted pattern symmetries match the rectangular symmetry of the oxide apertures prese...

The quantum Hall state at total filling factor ν(T)=1 in bilayer systems realizes an exciton condensate and exhibits a zero-bias tunneling anomaly, similar to the Josephson effect in the presence of fluctuations. In contrast to conventional Josephson junctions, no Fraunhofer diffraction pattern has been observed, due to disorder induced topological defects, so-called merons. We consider interla...

In order to improve the precision of vision inspection system for micro accessory, edge detection technique of micro accessory was studied. Firstly, the imaging features of the micro accessory inspection system were analyzed. Fraunhofer diffraction happens, because the light wave is restricted by microscope. Secondly, optical characteristics of micro images were analyzed. The gray curve of the ...

We develop an analytic model of vector correlations in rotationally inelastic atom-diatom collisions and test it against the much examined Ar-NO (X(2)Pi) system. Based on the Fraunhofer scattering of matter waves, the model furnishes complex scattering amplitudes needed to evaluate the polarization moments characterizing the quantum stereodynamics. The analytic polarization moments are found to...

We have measured transport properties and magnetic responses of direct current superconducting quantum interference devices(dc-SQUIDs) with Nb/Ru/Sr2RuO4 junctions on the same Ru inclusion of a Sr2RuO4-Ru eutectic crystal. We observed a superconducting transition of the Ru at 0.50 K and another transition with anomalous interference patterns of the SQUID at 0.40 K. The second transition led to ...

Oakland, MD 21550 The diffraction limit for lensless imaging, defined as the sharpest possible point image obtainable with a pinhole aperture, is analyzed and compared to the corresponding limit for imaging with lenses by means of theoretical considerations and numerical computations using the FresnelLommel diffraction theory for circular apertures. The numerical result (u = p) obtained for the...

We perform an analysis of the TRACE telescope blur from EUV images. The blur pattern is discussed in terms of the telescope point spread function (PSF) for the 171 Å filter. The analysis performed consists of two steps. First an initial shape for the PSF core is determined directly from TRACE EUV images. Second, the blind deconvolution approach is used for obtaining the final PSF shape. The PSF...