The topology of two discrete fracture network models is compared to investigate the impact of constrained fracture growth. In the Poissonian discrete fracture network model the fractures are assigned length, position and orientation independent of all other fractures, while in the mechanical discrete fracture network model the fractures grow and the growth can be limited by the presence of othe...

In this paper, considering symmetric collapse mode for hybrid tubes, and using Tsai-Hill fracture criterion to take into account the off-axis strength of an orthotropic lamina, an analytical model is extended and an expression is derived for mean crushing load and fold lengths of circular hybrid tubes. In this model, the influences of the geometrical dimensions including diameter, thickness of ...

Fractures of the odontoid process are common, accounting for 10% to 20% of all cervical spine fractures. Odontoid process fractures are classified into three types depending on the location of the fracture line. Various treatment options are available for each of these fracture types and include application of a cervical orthosis, direct anterior screw fixation, and posterior cervical fusion. I...

Unilateral posterior arch fractures of the atlas are discussed with two clinical examples and an experimental study of their mechanism. Laboratory fracturing of posterior arches of atlas specimens with a specially adapted universal testing machine produced nonsimultaneous fractures of the two sides in four of six specimens. In three of these specimens, a complete fracture on one side was tempor...

We present a novel approach to parameterised curve detection. The method is based on the generalised Radon transform, which is traditionally applied to a 2D edge/line map. The novelty of our method is the mapping of the original 2D image to a 3D orientation space, which then forms the input for the Radon transform. The orientation space representation offers important advantages. It can represe...

An engineering fracture mechanics approach was applied to the analysis of the fracture resistance of equine hoof-wall. The relationship between fracture toughness and the morphological organization of the keratin hoof tissue was investigated. Fracture toughness was evaluated using the J-integral analysis method which employs the compact tension test geometry. Tensile tests were also conducted t...

Carbon fiber-reinforced plastic (CFRP) is used widely in aerospace. The cutting mechanism of CFRP markedly different from that metals due to anisotropic and non-homogeneous material structure. mechanisms are highly dependent on the fiber orientation. quality machined surface can be affected by fracture models. In this paper, based elastic foundation beam theory Hertzian contact theory, mechanic...