Even though feather pecking (FP) in laying hens has been extensively studied, a good solution to prevent chickens from this behavior under commercial circumstances has not been found. Selection against FP behavior is possible, but for a more effective selection across different populations, it is necessary to characterize the genetic mechanism associated with this behavior. In this study, we us...

In the study of nonspecific preparation, the response time (RT) to an imperative stimulus is analyzed as a function of the foreperiod (FP), the interval between a warning stimulus and the imperative stimulus. When FP is varied within blocks of trials, a downward sloping FP-RT function is usually observed. The slope of this function depends on the distribution of FPs (the more negative the skewn...

This study examined the mechanical properties of roots combined with prefabricated fiber post. Three types of specimens were evaluated: (1) prefabricated fiber post alone (FP); (2) core composite resin with FP (CFP); and (3) root with CFP (RCFP). The volume fractions of the prefabricated fiber post in the core composite resin (FP/CFP ratio) were set to 0, 0.16, 0.22, 0.28, and 0.48. Bending tes...

We visualized a fluorescent-protein (FP) fusion to Rab6, a Golgi-associated GTPase, in conjunction with fluorescent secretory pathway markers. FP-Rab6 defined highly dynamic transport carriers (TCs) translocating from the Golgi to the cell periphery. FP-Rab6 TCs specifically accumulated a retrograde cargo, the wild-type Shiga toxin B-fragment (STB), during STB transport from the Golgi to the en...

We documented the presence of fibropapillomatosis (FP), a debilitating tumor-forming disease, in marine turtles in Espirito Santo Bay (Brazil) from March 2007 to April 2008, and assessed the value of a specific environmental index for predicting the prevalence of FP. Turtles were captured monthly with entanglement nets and scored for presence and severity of FP. For the assessment of habitat qu...

PURPOSE This study was performed to retrospectively evaluate treatment of deep caries in primary molars with formocresol pulpotomy (FP) and indirect pulp therapy (IPT). METHODS 133 primary molars with deep caries approaching the pulp were treated with FP (N = 78) or IPT (N = 55) and followed 2-7 years. All IPTs received immediate stainless steel crowns (SSCs); 61 FPs got an immediate SSC, 13 ...

BACKGROUND Improved adherence to inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) is recognized as an important factor in reduced morbidity, mortality and consumption of health care resources. The present study was designed to replicate previous reports of patient adherence with fluticasone/salmeterol in a single inhaler (FSC), fluticasone and salmeterol in separate inhalers (FP+SAL), fluticasone and montelukast ...

The N-terminal domain of HIV-1 glycoprotein 41,000 (gp41) participates in viral fusion processes. Here, we use physical and computational methodologies to examine the secondary structure of a peptide based on the N terminus (FP; residues 1-23) in aqueous and detergent environments. (12)C-Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy indicated greater alpha-helix for FP in lipid-detergent sodiu...

Flavopiridol (FP) inhibits gene expression and causes apoptosis, and these effects cannot be explained by inhibition of cyclin-dependent kinases that govern cell cycle. The simple and established notion that FP is an inhibitor of transcription predicts its effects. Because Mdm-2 targets p53 for degradation, FP, as predicted, dramatically induced p53 by inhibiting Mdm-2. Once p53 was induced, re...

Previously, we designed and constructed a hybrid of the mussel adhesive protein (MAP) fp-151, which is a fusion protein with six type 1 (fp-1) decapeptide repeats at each type 5 (fp-5) terminus. Through various cell-adhesion analyses, we previously demonstrated that fp-151 has the potential to be used as a cell or tissue bioadhesive. In the present study, to improve the cell-adhesion properties...