Introduction: The present study aimed to compare the cleaning efficacy of passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI), self-adjusting file (SAF), EndoVac, and conventional syringe irrigation (CSI) techniques on Ca(OH)2 removal from the root canal. Methods: This study was conducted on the mesial roots of 36 human mandibular molar teeth. After 1 month, the Ca(...

The efficacy of tactile detection of the apical constriction in flared and nonflared root canals was examined in 120 root canals of adult patients. In 68 nonflared (group 1) root canals, a #15 or #20 K-file was used to detect ("feel") the apical constriction. In 52 teeth (group 2), Hedstrom files, Gates Gliden drills #2 to #4, and ultrasonic files were used to enlarge the canal orifice and flar...

BACKGROUND In endodontics, the elimination of resistant bacteria such as Enterococcus faecalis plays an important role for treatment success in root canals. Therefore, new alternative irrigants (instead of sodium hypochlorite) have been researched to achieve ideal endodontic treatment. OBJECTIVES The aim of the present study was to evaluate and to compare the antibacterial effect of aqueous o...

The root canal anatomy of mandibular incisors can present a number of variations, including multiple canals. Two case reports are presented to illustrate the serendipitous discovery and successful non-surgical endodontic management of complex canal systems in mandibular incisors. In both cases, all four mandibular incisors had two canals each.

The aims of this study were to evaluate the number of roots/root canals in the mandibular anterior teeth of a Turkish population, to assess the relationship between gender or age and the frequency of two canals in a single root, and to determine the symmetry in root/root canal numbers between contralateral sides among patients. Cone-beam computed tomography images (n = 1128; 6253 teeth) taken a...

AIM A case of unusual Root morphology is presented to demonstrate anatomic variations in mandibular third molar. BACKGROUND The most common configuration of mandibular third molar is two Roots and three canals; however they may have many different combinations. Endodontic treatment was performed in mandibular third molar having aberrant anatomy. CASE DESCRIPTION Four Root canal orifices wer...

The purpose of this study was to determine the minimum instrumentation size required for the effective penetration of irrigants and elimination of debris and smear layer from the apical third of the root canals. The mesiobuccal canals of 40 freshly extracted human mandibular first molar teeth were instrumented using the crown-down technique. The teeth were divided into four test groups accordin...

The purpose of the investigation was to establish the exact number of root canals in the maxillary first permanent molar, their direction, type and relation, based upon a large number of random samples. Randomly chosen 443 maxillary first permanent molars (221 left and 222 right) were investigated with the aim to get more knowledge into the morpho­ logy of the endodontic space. One canal in the...

AIM To compare the efficacy of irrigation protocols on the removal of triple antibiotic paste (metronidazole, ciprofloxacin and minocycline) (TAP) from artificial grooves in root canals. METHODOLOGY Root canals in 72 extracted single-rooted teeth were prepared using ProTaper rotary instruments up to size F5. The roots were split longitudinally and a standardized groove was prepared in the api...

This study aimed to evaluate histologically the effect of irrigation with 400 ppm Sterilox, 2% and 5% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), with and without photo-activated therapy (PAD), in a single-visit root canal treatment of dog's teeth with apical periodontitis (AP). Ten dogs were randomly divided into two groups (n=5): with and without PAD, and the root canals into four subgroups, according to th...