To investigate dynamic paths of network formation of free trade agreements (FTAs), we conduct simulations of Goyal and Joshi’s (2006) model of FTA network formation game with many countries. We compare the results between two protocols regarding the choice of the pair that decides if they form (or sever) an FTA link in each round in the network evolution. The first protocol is the random protoc...

Bacteria can coordinate several multicellular behaviors in response to environmental changes. Among these, swarming and biofilm formation have attracted significant attention for their correlation with bacterial pathogenicity. However, little is known about when and where the signaling occurs to trigger either swarming or biofilm formation. We have previously identified an RssAB two-component s...

A thermosensitive sporulation mutant of Bacillus subtilis containing a mutation in the secY gene was isolated and characterized. No asymmetric septum specific to the sporulation was detected by electron microscopy at the nonpermissive temperature, indicating that the block occurred at a very early stage of sporulation. Furthermore, competence development in the mutant cell was affected even at ...

to study the impact of iron nanoparticles foliar application on mitigating the effects of drought stress on yield, yield components and oil percentage of goldasht spring safflower cultivar, an experiment was carried out in 2012 in the agricultural research farm station of islamic azad university, roudehen branch as split plot in a completely randomized blocks design with three replications. in ...

The main interest of this research is to discover clinical implications from a large PTCA (Percutaneous Transluminal Coronary Angioplasty) database. A case-based concept formation model D-UNIMEM, modified from Lebowitz's UNIMEM, is proposed for this purpose. In this model, we integrated two kinds of class membership and the index-conjunction class membership. The former is a polythetic clusteri...

Design of Cellular Manufacturing System involves four major decisions: Cell formation (CF), Group layout (GL), Group scheduling (Gs) and Resource assignment (RA).  These problems should be regarded, concurrently, in order to obtain an optimal solution in a CM environment. In this paper a two stage heuristic procedure is proposed for CF and RA decisions problem. The solution approach contains a ...

glomerular development of the kidney was studied in newborn rats by electron microscopy. four different stages of glomerular development were defined: vesicle fonnation, s-shaped body stage, capillary loop fonnation, and glomerular maturation. in the fust stage, the mesenchymal cells form a spheroid mass. this is followed by the s-shaped body stage in which clefts appear in the mass. afterwards...

during winter 2004 and 2005, two field and glasshouse experiments were conducted to evaluate the response of 471 chickpea genotypes to ascochyta rabiei, as ascochyta blight (ab) disease in chickpea (cicer aurietimum). frequent rainfall at flowering and pod formation stages made favorite conditions conducive for the infection and symptoms expression. so, the genotypes with high level of toleranc...

we evaluated the clinical experience of 120 women with early stage cervical cancer who underwent radical hysterectomy combined with pelvic lymphadenectomy (class iii rutledge) in our gynecologic oncology clinic. of these, 74 patient. (61.66%) were in stage i and 46 patients (38.34%) were in stage ii a. intraoperation complications comprised of great vessel injuries encountered in 4 (3.3%) patie...