If a quantum system is prepared and later post-selected in certain states, “paradoxical” predictions for intermediate measurements can be obtained. This is the case both when the intermediate measurement is strong, i.e. a projective measurements with Lüders-von Neumann update rule, or with weak measurements where they show up in anomalous weak values. Leifer and Spekkens [Phys. Rev. Lett. 95, 2...

In a previous paper with Adam Brandenburger, we used sheaf theory to analyze the structure of non-locality and contextuality. Moreover, on the basis of this formulation, we showed that the phenomena of non-locality and contextuality can be characterized precisely in terms of obstructions to the existence of global sections. Our aim in the present work is to build on these results, and to use th...

There has been relatively little work focused on determining the formality level of individual lexical items. This study applies information from large mixedgenre corpora, demonstrating that significant improvement is possible over simple word-length metrics, particularly when multiple sources of information, i.e. word length, word counts, and word association, are integrated. Our best hybrid s...

It is well known that in quantum mechanics we cannot always define consistently properties that are context independent. Many approaches exist to describe contextual properties, such as Contextuality by Default (CbD), sheaf theory, topos theory, and non-standard or signed probabilities. In this paper, we propose a treatment of contextual properties that is specific to quantum mechanics, as it r...

We present a formal theory of contextuality for a set of random variables grouped into different subsets (contexts) corresponding to different, mutually incompatible conditions. Within each context the random variables are jointly distributed, but across different contexts they are stochastically unrelated. The theory of contextuality is based on the analysis of the extent to which some of thes...

Formality and its converse, informality, are important dimensions of authorial style that serve to determine the social background a particular document is coming from, and the potential audience it is targeted to. In this paper we explored the concept of formality at the sentence level from two different perspectives. One was the Formality Score (F-score) and its distribution across different ...

This paper discusses some of the problems regarding the unnaturalness of speech data currently used in research on oral Japanese politeness and proposes improved techniques. Two experiments were carried out. First, to extract natural unscripted utterances, within a specific vocabulary and context, the experimental design of the Map Task was employed with the population controlled for social sta...

This paper examines potential acoustic cues for level of formality in Japanese conversational speech using speech data gathered outside the laboratory, with the objective of using any significant cues to develop a model to predict level of formality in spoken Japanese. Based on previous work on the phonetic properties of formality in Japanese [1],[2] and other languages [3], and on a pilot stud...

These notes, based on the mini-course given at the PQR2003 Euroschool held in Brussels in 2003, aim to review Kontsevich’s formality theorem together with his formula for the star product on a given Poisson manifold. A brief introduction to the employed mathematical tools and physical motivations is also given.

We extend the formality theorem of M. Kontsevich from deformations of the structure sheaf on a manifold to deformations of gerbes.