UNLABELLED Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is a highly contagious viral disease affecting biungulate species. Commercial vaccines, formulated with inactivated FMD virus (FMDV), are regularly used worldwide to control the disease. Here, we studied the generation of antibody responses in local lymphoid tissues along the respiratory system in vaccinated and further aerosol-infected cattle. Animals im...

Foot and mouth disease (FMD) is a highly contagious disease of cloven-hoofed animals, including cattle, pigs, sheep, goats, and certain wildlife species. The disease can cause massive economic losses when introduced into countries that were free from the infection, generating negative effects due to reduced animal productivity and restrictions on international livestock trade. Following 15 year...

Foot-and-mouth disease is an important viral disease of cloven-hoofed animals. Inactivated whole particle virus vaccines are still widely used in prophylactic vaccination campaigns. The choice of adjuvant is a very important factor in enhancing immune responses and the efficacy of inactivated vaccines. Montanide ISA 61 VG is a new ready-to-use mineral oil-based adjuvant developed by SEPPIC Inc....

Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is a highly contagious disease of cloven-hoofed animals. The disease was initially described in the 16th century and was the first animal pathogen identified as a virus. Recent FMD outbreaks in developed countries and their significant economic impact have increased the concern of governments worldwide. This review describes the reemergence of FMD in developed count...

Twelve apparently healthy and recently parturiated Murrah buffaloes, vaccinated with Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) + Haemorrhagic septicaemia (HS) combined vaccine at an organized farm along their newborn calves were inducted for detection of antibodies in serum colostrum against FMD virus (FMDV) serotypes O, A Asia-1, Pasteurella multocida using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. The born to da...

Successful disease management requires a rapid and sensitive diagnosis method that can recognize early infection even before the manifestation of its clinical signs. The only available field diagnostic tests for foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) are lateral flow devices, commonly known as chromatographic strips. Low sensitivity and inability to detect FMD virus (FMDV) at the serotype level are limit...

The Global Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) Research Alliance periodically reviews the state of FMD research to assess progress and to identify new priorities. In this supplement we provide an update of global FMD research, comprising (i) this overview paper, which includes background information with key findings, and papers covering (ii) epidemiology, wildlife and economics, (iii) vaccines, (iv) ...

Investigation into the pathogenesis of foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) has focused on the study of the disease in cattle with less emphasis on pigs, small ruminants and wildlife. 'Atypical' FMD-associated syndromes such as myocarditis, reproductive losses and chronic heat intolerance have also received little attention. Yet, all of these manifestations of FMD are reflections of distinct pathogenes...

background and aims: accurate and rapid diagnosis is necessary for effective control and prevention of foot-and-mouth disease (fmd). in present study, was evaluated real time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (rrt-pcr) assay along with diagnostic routine methods for the detection of all seven serotypes of fmd virus (fmdv), namely o, c, a, sat1, 2, 3 and asia 1 in biological sample...

Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is classified by the World Organization for Animal Health (OIE) as a Schedule A disease. Given potential rapid spread of disease, all suspected cases should be reported and investigated immediately. Understanding mechanism FMD control measures key to outbreak investigation allows source an traced along with routes further spread. endemic in vast areas Africa, Asia S...