Abstract. Bone is an extraordinary biological material able to modify dynamically its outer shape and inner microstructure in response chemo-mechanical stimuli coming from the environment adapting hierarchical respond static dynamic loads for offering optimal mechanical features, terms of stiffness toughness. To date, many theories mathematical models have been proposed by several authors descr...

This study was designed to look at the effect of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) on epithelial secretory cells and the respiratory tract fluid volume and albumin content from the lower airways of "bronchitic" rats. Rats were exposed either to tobacco smoke (TS), TS and NAC, or NAC alone. TS caused a significant increase in epithelial secretory cell number which was not reduced by concomitant NAC adminis...

We consider the buffer content of a fluid queue or storage process. The buffer content varies in a way that depends on the state of an underlying three-state Markov process. In state 0 the buffer content increases at a rate α(x) that is a function of the current buffer level x; in states 1 and 2 it decreases linearly, with different speeds. We study the steady-state buffer content, by using lev...

to investigate uterine and serum copper (cu) and zinc (zn) concentrations variation duringthe bovine estrus cycle , 232 blood and genital tract samples were collected from the abattoir inurmia. the phase of the estrous cycle was determined by the examination of the ovaries and theuterine tonicity. of the 46 samples selected for use in the study, 13 were pro-estrus, 10 estrus, 8metestrus, and 15...

Studies on the synovial fluid lipoproteins were initiated several years ago. In 1953 Ropes and Bauer (1) reported on the cholesterol content of joint fluid from patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Subsequently Schmid and MacNair (2, 3) noted that when referred to the same amount of protein rather than volume of fluid, the lipoprotein content of pathological and pooled postmortem synovial fluids...

OBJECTIVE To examine regional changes in the fluid content of human intervertebral discs by comparing sagittal plane "profiles" of hydration before and after mechanical loading. METHODS Cadaveric lumbar intervertebral discs were loaded to simulate a typical day's loading in vivo. Ten motion segments were subjected to a 1500 N compressive load for a period of 6 h with the superior vertebrae in...