Visualizations, based on a diffusion equation model, are presented for both steady-state and transient sound energy. For steady-state sound-pressure level distributions, animations created by scanning from the primary room to the secondary room reveal discontinuous transitions of sound energy caused by a location change from the wall area to the aperture area. Animations of time-dependent energ...

The work material in metal working operations always shows some kind of anisotropy. In order to simplify the theoretical analysis, especially considering bulk deformation processes, anisotropy is usually neglected and the material is assumed to be isotropic. On the other hand, the analysis that considered the influence of anisotropy seldom incorporates the influence of friction. For predicting ...

We have obtained constraints on the strength and orientation of anisotropy in the mantle beneath the Tonga, southern Kuril, Japan, and Izu-Bonin subduction zones using shear-wave splitting in S phases from local earthquakes and in teleseismic core phases such as SKS. The observed splitting in all four subduction zones is consistent with a model in which the lower transition zone (520–660 km) an...

The use of acoustic Doppler current profilers (ADCP) for measuring streamflow and discharge is becoming increasingly widespread. The spatial distribution of flow patterns is useful data in studying riverine habitats and geomorphology. Until now, most flow mapping has focused on measurements along a series of transects in a channel. Here, we set out to measure, model and analyze the 3D flow char...

Large rivers play crucial roles in determining locations of civilization, biodiversity, and efflux to the oceans. The paths they take across Earth's surface vary with scale. At long-wavelengths can have simple flow paths. smaller scales, meanders for example, their change rapidly as a consequence lithology, biota, other environmental variables. It is not straightforward identify scales at which...

In the present paper simulation of tidal currents on three-dimensional geometry of the Persian Gulf is performed by the solution of the depth averaged hydrodynamics equations. The numerical solution was applied on two types of discritized simulation domain (Persian Gulf); with and without major islands. The hydrodynamic model utilized in this work is formed by equations of continuity and motion...