A novel manner of one-legged bipedal locomotion (i.e., ballistic flip) is proposed in this paper. A flip is composed of three sequential stages: stance phase, flight phase and touchdown. During the stance phase, the two objectives of control, constant locomotive speed and taking off at the end of stance phase, are achieved via a control algorithm based on nonlinear feedback linearization. The f...

OBJECTIVES A prospective trial of echocardiography was conducted on six crew members onboard the International Space Station. The main objective was to determine the efficacy of remotely guided tele-echocardiography, including just-in-time e-training methods and determine what is "space normal" echocardiographic data. METHODS Each crew member operator (n = 6) had 2-hour preflight training. Ba...

after deviatio extensions of the contralate position (Get 1970; Arbas, (Camhi, 1970 (Zarnack and Möhl, 1977; Taylor, 1981b; Thüring, 1986; Schmidt and Zarnack, 1987) and compensatory head rolling (Camhi, 1970; Hensler, 1988; Robert and Rowell, 1992) are also involved in flight steering. The motor system of hindleg ruddering has only been grossly described, whereas the motor system which produce...

We introduce the class of anti-coordination games, including the hawk-dove game as a special case. A symmetric two-player game is said to have the anti-coordination property if any worst response to a mixed strategy is in the support of that mixed strategy. Every anti-coordination game has a unique interior Nash equilibrium. We investigate stability of the static equilibrium under several dynam...

The micromaser possesses a variety of dynamical phase transitions parametrized by the flux of atoms and the time-of-flight of the atom within the cavity. We discuss how these phases may be revealed to an observer outside the cavity using the long-time correlation length in the atomic beam. Some of the phase transitions are not reflected in the average excitation level of the outgoing atom, whic...

In the takeoff and early flight phase of a twisting somersault, joint coordination is based on feed-forward control whereas in the late stages of the flight phase configuration adjustments are made using feedback control to ensure accurate completion of the movement and appropriate landing orientation. The aim of this study was to use a computer simulation model of aerial movement to investigat...

The halteres of dipteran insects are essential sensory organs for flight control. They are believed to detect Coriolis and other inertial forces associated with body rotation during flight. Flies use this information for rapid flight control. We show that the primary afferent neurons of the haltere's mechanoreceptors respond selectively with high temporal precision to multiple stimulus features...

In the locust flight system, afferents of a wing hinge mechanoreceptor, the hindwing tegula, make monosynaptic excitatory connections with motoneurons of the elevator muscles. During flight motor activity, the excitatory postsynaptic potentials (EPSPs) produced by these connections changed in amplitude with the phase of the wingbeat cycle. The largest changes occurred around the phase where ele...