Several new taxa belonging to the genus Francisella have been described recently. The present study describes the prevalence of Francisella tularensis and Francisella-like endosymbionts (FLE) in ticks collected from Hungary from 2007 to 2009 and characterizes the genetic variability of FLEs. A total of 5402 Ixodid ticks (Ixodes ricinus, I. acuminatus, Dermacentor marginatus, D. reticulatus, Hae...

OBJECTIVE The study reported here discusses the duration of the generalized tonic-clonic seizures (GTCS) among frontal lobe epilepsy (FLE), medial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE) and idiopathic generalized epilepsy (IGE). PATIENTS AND METHODS The study was done by analyzing the data from patients who had undergone video-EEG in 2009 and had GTCS during the monitoring. The patients were selected ...

BACKGROUND Neuronal networks involved in seizure generation, maintenance and spread of epileptic activity comprise cortico-subcortical circuits. Although epileptic foci vary in location across focal epilepsy syndromes, there is evidence for common structures in the epileptogenic networks. We recently reported evidence from functional neuroimaging for a unique area in the piriform cortex, common...

In 1958 MacKay showed that a rigidly moving object becomes visually fragmented when part of it is continuously visible but the rest is illuminated intermittently. For example, the glowing tip of a lit cigarette moving under stroboscopic illumination appeared to move ahead of the intermittently lit body. Latterly rediscovered as "the flash-lag effect" (FLE), this illusion now is typically demons...

Large phasic variations of respiratory mechanical impedance (Zrs) have been observed during induced expiratory flow limitation (EFL) (M. Vassiliou, R. Peslin, C. Saunier, and C. Duvivier. Eur. Respir. J. 9: 779-786, 1996). To clarify the meaning of Zrs during EFL, we have measured from 5 to 30 Hz the input impedance (Zin) of mechanical analogues of the respiratory system, including flow-limitin...

The apparent lagging of a short flash in the relation to a moving object, the flash-lag effect (FLE), has so far been measured mainly in terms of illusory spatial offset. We propose a method of measuring the perceived temporal asynchrony of the FLE separately from its perceived spatial offset. We presented a moving stimulus that changed its colour at a certain moment. The observer indicated, in...

Frontal lobe dysfunction in adults has been associated with impairments of planning abilities, working memory, impulse control, attention and certain aspects of motor coordination. However, very few studies have attempted to assess these functions in children suffering from frontal lobe epilepsy. The aim of the present study was to determine whether some or all of the components of the frontal ...

Cet article présente une expérience de formation à l’évaluation la production orale en français langue étrangère (FLE) auprès futurs enseignants FLE. La s’est déroulée deux étapes, l’une pour les former FLE avec quatre échelles du CECRL, et l’autre montrer comment évaluer des mesures textométriques quantitatives. Les résultats montrent que méthodologies présentent inconsistances ; qualitatifs d...

The flash-lag effect (FLE) is defined as an error in localization that consists of perceiving a flashed object to lag behind a moving one when both are presented in physical alignment. Previous studies have addressed the question if it is the predictability of the flash, or the moving object, that modulates the amount of the error. However, the case when the flash is self-generated, and hence c...

When a short flash occurs in spatial alignment with a moving object, the moving object is seen ahead the stationary one. Similar to this visual "flash-lag effect" (FLE) it has been recently observed for the haptic sense that participants judge a moving hand to be ahead a stationary hand when judged at the moment of a short vibration ("haptic flash") that is applied when the two hands are spatia...