PURPOSE To evaluate the possible inhibitory effects of Kakkon-to and Sairei-to, traditional Sino-Japanese herbal medicines, on experimental aqueous flare elevation in pigmented rabbits. METHODS Anterior uveitis was induced either by an application of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), 10 microg/mL, to the cornea, or an intravenous injection of lipopolysaccharides (LPS), 0.5 microg/kg, in an ear vein. D...

The statistical examination of solar flares is crucial to revealing their global characteristics and behaviour. Such examinations can tackle large-scale science questions or give context to detailed single-event studies. However, they are often performed using standard but basic flare detection algorithms relying on arbitrary thresholds. This arbitrariness may lead to important scientific concl...

OBJECTIVE To describe probabilities and characteristics of disease flares in children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) and to identify clinical features associated with an increased risk of flare. METHODS We studied children in the Research in Arthritis in Canadian Children emphasizing Outcomes (ReACCh-Out) prospective inception cohort. A flare was defined as a recurrence of disease m...

A time-dependent search for neutrino flares from pre-defined directions in the whole sky is presented. The analysis uses a time clustering algorithm combined with an unbinned likelihood method. This algorithm provides a search for significant neutrino flares over time-scales that are not fixed a-priori and that are not triggered by multiwavelength observations. The event selection is optimized ...

We present X-ray observations of the BL Lacertae object Mrk 501 that were taken with the Rossi X-Ray Timing Explorer in 1998 May as part of a multiwavelength campaign. The X-ray light curve shows a very rapid flare in which the 2-10 keV flux increased by approximately 60% in less than 200 s. This rapid rise is followed by a drop-off in the 2-10 keV flux of approximately 40% in less than 600 s. ...

Much of the acute cutaneous neurogenic inflammation after intradermal injection of capsaicin (CAP) in rats is mediated by dorsal root reflexes (DRRs), which cause the release of inflammatory agents from primary afferent terminals. Sympathetic efferents modulate neurogenic inflammation by interaction with primary afferent terminals. In this study, we examined if DRR-mediated flare after CAP inje...

BACKGROUND/AIMS Patients with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) who develop postoperative proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) have been found to have higher preoperative laser flare values than patients with RRD who do not develop this complication. Measurement of laser flare has therefore been proposed as an objective, rapid and non-invasive method for identifying high-risk patients. T...

We present the first systematic study of X-ray flare candidates in short gamma-ray bursts (SGRBs) exploiting the large 6-year Swift database with the aim to constrain the physical nature of such fluctuations. We find that flare candidates appear in different types of SGRB host galaxy environments and show no clear correlation with the X-ray afterglow lifetime; flare candidates are detected both...

AIM To examine the relation between cataract density, the phacoemulsification energy required for its removal, and blood-aqueous barrier (BAB) damage on the first day after surgery. METHODS A prospective study recruiting patients with normal eyes apart from senile cataract. Preoperatively, visual acuity, anterior chamber laser flare, and cell values were measured using the Kowa laser flare me...

BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to evaluate the combined use of the overactive bladder symptom score (OABSS) and International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) as an assessment tool for urinary symptom flare after iodine-125 (125I) implant brachytherapy. The association between urinary symptom flare and prostate-specific antigen (PSA) bounce was investigated. METHODS Changes in the IPSS and...