The influence of negative supercoiling and of flanking (dC-dG) tracts in either right-handed B- or left-handed Z-structures on the interaction of the Escherichia coli lac repressor was investigated. The operator was embodied within the lac control sequence, which was 95, 59, or 29 base pairs in length. Thus, the (dC-dG) regions (in either B- or Z-conformations) were at different distances from ...

OBJECTIVE Nanog, a homeodomain protein, has been investigated in humans and mice using embryonic stem cells (ESCs). Because of the limited availability of ESCs, few studies have reported the function and role of Nanog in porcine ESCs. Therefore, in this study, we investigated the location of the porcine Nanog chromosome and its basal promoter activity, which might have potential applications in...

Microsomal epoxide hydrolase (mEH) catalyses the hydrolysis of xenobiotic epoxides, including various epoxide derivatives of the procarcinogenic polyaromatic hydrocarbons. Levels of mEH enzymatic activity among different cell types and between individuals within the population vary considerably. Genetic polymorphisms within the structural region of the human mEH gene exist and appear to contrib...

We have set up an experimental system to map the primary transcription unit of the human alpha 2 globin gene. The duplicated human alpha globin genes (alpha 2-alpha 1) were linked to the alpha globin locus Positive Regulatory Element (PRE) and stably transfected into murine erythroleukaemia cells. We then developed a quantitative reverse transcriptase, polymerase chain reaction assay to map alp...

Cyp19 encodes aromatase cytochrome P450, the key enzyme of oestrogen biosynthesis. In the bovine placenta, the majority of Cyp19 transcripts include a 5' untranslated region which is encoded by exon 1.1; this suggests that its 5'-flanking region is the predominant placental promoter. The aim of the present investigation was to examine the promoter activity of this region and to map cis-acting r...

PURPOSE We previously demonstrated that 350 bp of the human rod cGMP phosphodiesterase beta-subunit (beta-PDE) gene promoter are sufficient to direct high levels of gene expression in human Y-79 retinoblastoma cells in vitro. In this study the cell specificity and expression pattern conferred by the short beta-PDE 5' flanking sequence in vivo were examined. METHODS A construct containing the ...

To investigate the level and pattern of DNA polymorphism in the noncoding regulatory region in the plant nuclear genome, 2.4 kb of nucleotide sequence of the 5' upstream region of ADH: was determined for 14 ecotypes of Arabidopsis thaliana and five accessions of Arabis gemmifera. Using this data set and previously determined ADH: sequence data, DNA variation was analyzed in a 4.4-kb region of t...

Human CD4(+) αβ T cells are activated via T-cell receptor recognition of peptide epitopes presented by major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II (MHC-II). The open ends of the MHC-II binding groove allow peptide epitopes to extend beyond a central nonamer core region at both the amino- and carboxy-terminus. We have previously found that these non-bound C-terminal residues can alter T cell...

Lactoferrin is a glycoprotein with molecular weight 80 kDa iron-binding bond, which is composed of 690 amino acids. In most mammalian body fluids such as sweat, semen, tears, and saliva and milk neutrophil granules there. bovine lactoferrin gene be associated with susceptibility/resistance to mastitis and even with some economically important production traits. This study was carried out to det...