Previously it has been reported that horizontal disparity vergence is strongly influenced by subject instructions to vary attention or tracking effort. This paper describes experiments which compared these instruction effects on horizontal and vertical disparity vergence. Within-trial comparisons were made possible by use of oblique (combined horizontal and vertical) disparity modulation. Subje...

Analysis of the statistics of natural scene features at observers' fixations can help us understand the mechanism of fixation selection and visual attention of the human vision system. Previous studies revealed that several low-level luminance features at fixations are statistically different from those at randomly selected locations. In our study, we conducted eye tracking experiments on natur...

Article is made available in accordance with the publisher's policy and may be subject to US copyright law. Please refer to the publisher's site for terms of use. The MIT Faculty has made this article openly available. Please share how this access benefits you. Your story matters. Binocular disparity is a powerful depth cue for object perception. The computations for object vision culminate in ...

It is now well established that depth is coded by local horizontal disparity and global vertical disparity. We present a computational model which explains how depth is extracted from these two types of disparities. The model uses the two (one for each eye) headcentric directions of binocular targets, derived from retinal signals and oculomotor signals. Headcentric disparity is defined as the d...

We tested the disparity sensitivity of neurons from the medial superior temporal area (MST) in awake behaving monkeys. While the monkey looked at a fixation spot on a screen in front of it, random dot stimuli moved in the preferred direction of the cell under study, and the disparity of the dots made the stimuli appear to move in a frontoparallel plane in front of, on, or behind the screen. Ove...

We studied how stimulus attributes (angle polarity and perspective) and data-driven signals (motion parallax and binocular disparity) affect recovery of 3-D shape. We used physical stimuli, which consisted of two congruent trapezoids forming a dihedral angle. To study the effects of the stimulus attributes, we used 2 × 2 combinations of convex/concave angles and proper/reverse perspective cues...

Stereothresholds are elevated by vergence constant error (fixation disparity), vergence noise, or both. This study investigated the separate and combined effects of simulated vergence constant error and variability on stereothresholds in four normal observers. Targets were 30 arc min bright vertical lines presented separately to the two eyes for 150 ms in darkness. Vergence constant error, simu...

The aim of this research is to understand the difference in visual attention to 2D and 3D content depending on texture and amount of depth. Two experiments were conducted using an eye-tracker and a 3DTV display. Collected fixation data were used to build saliency maps and to analyze the differences between 2D and 3D conditions. In the first experiment 51 observers participated in the test. Usin...

Depth perception in near viewing strongly relies on the interpretation of binocular retinal disparity to obtain stereopsis. Statistical regularities of retinal disparities have been claimed to greatly impact on the neural mechanisms that underlie binocular vision, both to facilitate perceptual decisions and to reduce computational load. In this paper, we designed a novel and unconventional appr...