PURPOSE This study aimed to investigate the validity and reproducibility of a new treadmill protocol in healthy children and adolescents: the Fitkids Treadmill Test (FTT). METHODS Sixty-eight healthy children and adolescents (6-18 yr) were randomly divided into a validity group (14 boys and 20 girls; mean ± SD age, 12.9 ± 3.6 yr) that performed the FTT and Bruce protocol, both with respirator...

In this paper, we provide a semantic study of the first-order predicate logic for situations involving uncertainty. We introduce the concepts of uncertain predicate proposition, uncertain predicate formula, uncertain interpretation and degree of truth in the framework of uncertainty theory. Compared with classical predicate formula taking true value in {0, 1}, the degree of truth of uncertain p...

Tarski-Givant’s map calculus is briefly reviewed, and a plan of research is outlined aimed at investigating applications of this ground equational formalism in the theorem-proving field. The main goal is to create synergy between first-order predicate calculus and the map calculus. Techniques for translating isolated sentences, as well as entire theories, from first-order logic into map calculu...

It is well-known that there exist consistent first-order theories that become inconsistent when we add Tarski’s schema T. This is Tarski’s Theorem. To avoid the inconsistency result, one can restrict Tarski’s schema in different ways. In our paper we restrict Tarski’s schema T by only instantiating the schema with a proper subset of the set of all sentences. We prove several results concerning ...

All promiment examples of first-order predicate fuzzy logics are undecidable. This leads to the problem of the arithmetical complexity of their sets of tautologies and satisfiable sentences. This paper is a contribution to the general study of this problem. We propose the classes of first-order core and ∆-core fuzzy logics as a good framework to address these arithmetical complexity issues. We ...

This research presents temperature distribution and thermal strain of functionally graded material cylinders with varying thickness and temperature-dependency properties that are subjected to heat fluxes in their inner and outer layers. The heterogeneous distribution of properties is modeled as a power function. Using first-order temperature theory and the energy method, governing equations are...

Quantification theory, or first-order predicate logic, can be formulated in terms purely of predicate letters and a few predicate functors which attach t o predicates to form further predicates. Apart from the predicate letters, which are schematic, there are no variables. On this score the plan is reminiscent of the combinatory logic of Schonfinkel and Curry. Theirs, however, had the whole of ...

Hatchling fitness in crocodilians is affected by "runtism" or failure to thrive syndrome (FTT) in captivity. In this study, 300 hatchling C. porosus, artificially incubated at 32°C for most of their embryonic development, were raised in semi-controlled conditions, with growth criteria derived for the early detection of FTT (within 24 days). Body mass, four days after hatching (BM4d), was correl...