Wildfire ignitions are caused by lightning or a variety of human-related activities. While lightning is the most prevalent ignition source across much of the western United States, human-caused ignitions start the majority of fires in the South and nationwide. The frequency of natural and human-caused wildfires varies significantly according to different biophysical, social, and fire management...

in this research an algorithm based on monte carlo simulation is introduced to assess the risk of fire following earthquake in residential, industrial, educational, and governmental land-uses in district no. 20 of tehran. the proposed algorithm consist of different modules including hazard analysis, vulnerability assessment, leak and break analysis of damaged pipeline, ignition probability anal...

The behaviour of five landscape fire models (CAFE, FIRESCAPE, LAMOS(HS), LANDSUM and SEMLAND) was compared in a standardised modelling experiment. The importance of fuel management approach, fuel management effort, ignition management effort and weather in determining variation in area burned and number of edge pixels burned (a measure of potential impact on assets adjacent to fire-prone landsc...

Ignition is the initial stage of burning the materials. The consequent flame spread over the materials, heat release rate, fire spread across the rooms, and other issues for building fires all depend on that. Numerous studies on the ignition of cellulose materials, especially wood, were reported in the literature. There are smoldering or glowing ignition (self-heating ignition) and flaming igni...

In wildfire science, spotting refers to non-local creation of new fires, due to downwind ignition of brands launched from a primary fire. Spotting is often mentioned as being one of the most difficult problems for wildfire management, because of its unpredictable nature. Since spotting is a stochastic process, it makes sense to talk about a probability distribution for spotting, which we call t...

fire behavior of different types of eps was evaluated with the use of iso 5660 cone calorimeter test method. considering the complexity of behavior of eps against high temperatures, several specimens were tested, so a betterjudgment on fire behavior of this material could be acquired. the effects of foam density, thickness of specimens and the level of heat flux on fire behavior of foam were ex...

A burning cigarette is a known cause of fire when mishandled. Studies into cigarette ignition propensity intensified after the US Cigarette Fire Safety Act of 1984. Extensive research has investigated the thermal properties of a smouldering cigarette, mostly away from any object of thermal contact or interference. To understand fire ignition, the thermophysics of cigarette’s burning tip has als...

Detailed spatial-temporal characterization of individual fire dynamics using remote sensing data is important to understand fire-environment relationships, to support landscape-scale fire risk management, and to obtain improved statistics on fire size distributions over broad areas. Previously, individuation of events to quantify fire size distributions has been performed with the flood-fill al...

temporal and spatial variations of fire behavior can be predicted using one of the semi-physical or empirical models developed over recent years. this article investigates the effect of different fuel moisture conditions on fire spread and behavior in national golestan park in july 2011 using farsite, flammap simulation systems, and previous ignition history. landscape data contains the topogra...

Ignition is the initial stage of burning the materials. Consequent flame spread over the materials, heat release rate, fire spread across the rooms, and other issues for building fires all depend on that. Ignition of cellulose materials is commonly classified as smoldering or glowing ignition (self-heating ignition) and flaming ignition including piloted and spontaneous ignition. Numerous studi...