In many parts of the world, and Japan was no exception, the 16th Century was a time of conflict and violence. In Japan, a number of feudal lords were embroiled in fierce battles for survival. The battles produced three victors who attempted, one after another, to unify Japan. The last of these was Ieyasu Tokugawa, who founded a “permanent” government which lasted for two and a half centuries be...

One way to speed up reinforcement learning is to enable learning to happen simultaneously at multiple resolutions in space and time. This paper shows how to create a Q-learning managerial hierarchy in which high level managers learn how to set tasks to their sub-managers who, in turn, learn how to satisfy them. Sub-managers need not initially understand their managers’ commands. They simply lea...

This paper presents the changes in concept of feudalism from end eighteenth century to present day both general and Hungarian medieval research. The author notes that has been losing ground for decades system which was previously thought be never really took root Hungary, but certain phenomena close European standard can recognized: praedium, nobiles praediales, etc. second part study examines ...

Since the establishment of the Human Genome Project and the identification of genes in human DNA that play a role in human diseases and disorders, a long, moral and political, battle has began over the extension of IPRs to information contained in human genetic material. According to the Nuffield Council on Bioethics, over the past 20 years, large numbers of human genes have been the subject of...

1 ©Meir Kohn 2014 10. PREDATION AND GOVERNMENT AS ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES In Sections 1 and 2, we developed the first strand of our theory of economic progress—an explanation of how commerce promotes production and how the two interact in a self-perpetuating process of expanding markets and increasing productivity. In Section 3, we turn to the second strand of our theory—an explanation of how preda...