Sol–gel route was employed to grow polycrystalline thin films of Li-doped ZnO thin films (Zn1−xLixO, x = 0.15). Polycrystalline films were obtained at a growth temperature of 400–500 ◦C. Ferroelectricity in Zn0.85Li0.15O was verified by examining the temperature variation of the real and imaginary parts of dielectric constant, and from the C–V measurements. The phase transition temperature was ...

The interaction of coexisting structural instabilities in multiferroic materials gives rise to intriguing coupling phenomena and extraordinarily rich phase diagrams, both in bulk materials and strained thin films. Here we investigate the multiferroic BiMnO3 with its peculiar 6s2 electrons and four interacting mechanisms: electric polarity, octahedra tilts, magnetism, and cooperative Jahn-Teller...

The single phase Pb(0.8)Co(0.2)TiO3 thin films were synthesized on a Pt/Ti/SiO2/Si substrate by the sol-gel route. The present films exhibited homogeneous microstructure with low porosity. O 1s X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) was used to detect the amount of oxygen vacancies. The ferroelectric measurements showed that the ferroelectricity deteriorates with the increase in the number of o...

Nanoscale electromechanical activity, remanent polarization states, and hysteresis loops in paraelectric TiO(2) and SrTiO(3) thin films are observed using scanning probe microscopy. The coupling between the ionic dynamics and incipient ferroelectricity in these materials is analyzed using extended Landau-Ginzburg-Devonshire (LGD) theory. The possible origins of electromechanical coupling includ...

In this letter, applying a series of coordinate transformations, we obtain a new class of solutions of the Korteweg–de Vries–Burgers equation, which arises in the theory of ferroelectricity. © 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.