The anaerobic digestion of New Zealand low-input dairy farms has previously been evaluated for energy production, but farming systems have recently become more intensive with increased feed supplementation and replacement; therefore, we are studying how these changes affect the overall production water heating. A combination literature review, surveys, chemical analyses, biomethane potential an...

A thermogenic organ is found beneath the brain of billfishes (Istiophoridae), swordfish (Xiphiidae) and the butterfly mackerel (Scombridae). The heater organ has been shown to warm the brain and eyes up to 14 degrees C above ambient water temperature. Heater cells are derived from extraocular muscle fibers and express a modified muscle phenotype with an extensive transverse-tubule (T-tubule) ne...

The design and characteristics of a micro-system for thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) in which heater, temperature sensor and mass sensor are integrated into a single device are presented. The system consists of a suspended cantilever that incorporates a microfabricated resistor, used as both heater and thermometer. A three-dimensional finite element analysis was used to define the structure pa...

Thermal Conduction Heating (TCH) is a major component of In Situ Thermal Desorption (ISTD), a soil remediation technology in which heat and vacuum are applied simultaneously. Heat flows into the soil primarily by conduction from heaters typically operated between 1000 and 1500oF (540 and 815oC). The heaters are installed in wells at regular intervals within the soil. As the soil is heated, wate...

Solar radiation is harnessed as an alternative energy source for numerous industrial and domestic applications. Currently, apart from space heating, air-conditioning lightning, solar water heating (SWH) systems have a widespread usage applications in both sectors. The major issue with that the transmission efficiency low so heat transfer augmentation methods can be used to improve thermal perfo...

This study investigated the performance of a low-cost solar water heater (SWH). The SWH consists collector with simple flat plate thermosiphon and tank. has, glass cover, painted black on an aluminium absorber plate, pipes sides insulated. During testing process, temperatures in were recorded at 1-second intervals by using Advantech Software DAQ Navi Data Logger, which is connected to laptop vi...

This paper reports a technique for temperature-induced merging of droplets in a microchannel. The multiphase system consists of water droplet and oil as the dispersed phase and the carrying continuous phase. A resistive heater provides heating in a rectangular merging chamber. The temperature of the chamber is controlled by the voltage applied to the heater. The merging process of two neighbori...

We report a novel boiling heat transfer (NBHT) in reduced graphene oxide (RGO) suspended in water (RGO colloid) near critical heat flux (CHF), which is traditionally the dangerous limitation of nucleate boiling heat transfer because of heater failure. When the heat flux reaches the maximum value (CHF) in RGO colloid pool boiling, the wall temperature increases gradually and slowly with an almos...