We perform 2-D simulations of earthquakes on rough faults in media with random heterogeneities (with von Karman distribution) to study the effects of geometric and material heterogeneity on the rupture process and resulting high-frequency ground motions in the near-fault region (out to ∼20 km). Variations in slip and rupture velocity can arise from material heterogeneity alone but are dominantl...

The near-source energy released on a fault is estimated through the strain energy change and the fracture energy from the results of kinematic waveform inversion and dynamic modeling for two different types of earthquakes: a shallow crustal earthquake, the 2000 Tottori, Japan (Mw 6.6) earthquake, and an in-slab event, the 1999 Oaxaca, Mexico (Mw 7.5) earthquake. The procedure incorporates the s...

Next to the high performance, the most important feature of the multiprocessor systems is their fault tolerant capability. In this regard, fault tolerant interconnection networks and specially fault tolerant routing methods are important parts of these systems. Hypercube is a popular interconnection network that is used in many multiprocessors. There are a number of suggested methods for fault ...

The out-of-step operation conditions of a synchronous machine may occur as a result of a power system three-phase fault. The mostly used methods of identification of loss of synchronism are not secure enough. In the paper a new method using highresolution spectrum estimation method is presented. In the case of asynchronous operation of a synchronous machine the current waveform in the stator wi...

A locally recurrent neural network based fault detection and isolation approach is presented. A model of the system under test is created by means of a dynamic neural network. The fault detection is performed on the basis of the statistical analysis of the residual provided by the estimated density shaping of residuals in the case of nominal value of all the parameters, made of a simply neural ...

Power systems for data-processing and communication equipment used in mission-critical applications that require high system availability must be implemented with fault-tolerant architectures. Generally, these fault-tolerant power architectures require that the power supplies built into data-processing/communication equipment are capable of operating from two different ac power sources. In this...

A fault is an attribute of a program that precludes it from satisfying its specification; while this definition may sound clear-cut, it leaves many details unspecified. An incorrect program may be corrected in many different ways, involving different numbers of modifications. Hence neither the location nor the number of of faults may be defined in a unique manner; this, in turn, sheds a cloud o...

We advance the novel hypothesis that water in the presence of finite localized strain within fault gouges may lead to the phase transformation of stable minerals into metastable polymorphs of higher free energy density. Under increasing strain, the transformed minerals eventually become unstable, as shown from an application of Landau theory of structural phase transitions. We propose that this...