BACKGROUND Despite the increased popularity of fat grafting of the breasts, there remain unanswered questions. There is currently no standard for technique or data regarding long-term volume maintenance with this procedure. Because of the sensitive nature of breast tissue, there is a need for radiographic evaluation, focusing on volume maintenance and on tissue viability. This study was designe...

Congenital muscular torticollis is a well-known pathological condition caused by the contracture and shortening of the sternocleidomastoid muscle. This condition is manifested by a neck postural deformity often accompanied by some kind of facial asymmetry. Once diagnosed, treatment by early physiotherapy is generally successful in a high percentage of patients if performed during the first year...

BACKGROUND Fat is widely used in soft tissue augmentation. Nevertheless, it has an unpredictably high resorption rate. Clinically, external expansion with negative pressure is used to increase fat graft survival. In this study, fat graft recipient sites were preconditioned by external application of negative pressure in order to test for improvements in vascularity and fat graft survival. MET...

It becomes obvious that fat tissue is not just storage of excess carbohydrate. It is a regenerative complex supporting from the skin surface to deeper organs comprising adult stem cells as well as high energy resource related with tissue repair and regeneration. Fat grafting technique, which has been performed for more than hundred years, is utilized to improve defects of facial contour, fat at...

Background The fat grafting process includes the 4 phases of tissue harvesting, processing, recipient-site preparation, and reinjection. Among them, the preparation of the recipient site has never been exhaustively reviewed. We aim to provide a comprehensive overview of the methods to prepare the recipient site through external expansion with the resulting outcomes. Methods PubMed/Medline dat...

BACKGROUND In breast reconstruction, symmetry is a vital issue. However, when the original breast is unusually shaped or the patient desires augmentation at the time of reconstruction, obtaining symmetrical breasts becomes difficult. OBJECTIVES The authors performed shaping of unaffected breasts by Brava-assisted autologous fat grafting to enhance breast symmetry, and evaluated the clinical r...

The double-bubble deformity is one of the most common problems in breast augmentation, with or without mastopexy. Classically, open techniques have been used to treat this deformity, including elevation and reconstruction of the inframammary crease or parenchymal scoring. In this study, the author reports experiencewith a simple, closed technique of serial fat grafting procedures to treat the d...

Facial asymmetry is a challenge for craniofacial surgeons to correct. Our center currently uses three dimensional (3-D) surgical designs by combining cone-beam computed tomography scans and 3-D photographs (3dMD, Atlanta, Ga). Computer assisted surgical designs can help the surgeon achieve facial skeletal symmetry [1]. However, even if skeletal symmetrisation can be achieved, such patients almo...

BACKGROUND Fat grafting has been increasingly utilized in both aesthetic and reconstructive surgical procedures, yet the basic scientific understanding of fat grafting has lagged behind the pace of clinical innovation and utilization. This lack of basic scientific understanding has perhaps manifested itself in the wide range of graft viability reported across the literature. This study attempts...

BACKGROUND There has been substantial rise in the volume of published works on fat transfer in the medical literature in the past 25 years, and this is indicative of its growing popularity. However, many unanswered questions remain, and there is no consensus as to the optimum technique. Consequently, the scientific and clinical research on fat grafting continues to increase rapidly. The purpose...