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The aim of this paper is to generalize the‎ ‎notion of almost valuation domains to arbitrary commutative‎ ‎rings‎. ‎Also‎, ‎we consider relations between almost valuation rings ‎and pseudo-almost valuation rings‎. ‎We prove that the class of‎ ‎almost valuation rings is properly contained in the class of‎ ‎pseudo-almost valuation rings‎. ‎Among the properties of almost‎ ‎valuation rings‎, ‎we sh...

We can get the fair value of any financial derivative either analytically, by simulation or applying suitable numerical technique. For example, when we solve the American option valuation problem, the lattice models can be very useful. The procedure is based on modeling of the underlying asset price evolution (in discrete time with discrete price increments) and subsequent evaluation of the pay...

We revisit the classic problem of fair division from a mechanism design perspective, using Proportional Fairness as a benchmark. In particular, we aim to allocate a collection of divisible items to a set of agents while incentivizing the agents to be truthful in reporting their valuations. For the very large class of homogeneous valuations, we design a truthful mechanism that provides every age...

In this dissertation we present an overview of the proposals of the International Accounting Standards Board for measurement of insurance assets and liabilities at market value. The Board has not yet finalised a standard for insurance contracts, but a Draft Statement of Principles has been published, providing indication of how fair value accounting will be implemented. We focus on life insuran...