The overall aim of diversity is to ensure that every individual, whatever their differences, has fair and equitable access to health care and to employment based on clinical need and merit. This has advantages for staff by allowing them to give of their best and for patients by better identifying and meeting their needs. Evidence shows that individuals from minority groups are often not treated...

Non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) makes multiple mobile users share the same frequency band. In a conventional NOMA scheme, a user pair that can be assigned to the same frequency resource is limited, which reduces the amount of capacity improvement possible. This is because a far user demodulates a signal without canceling an underlaid signal for a near user. In addition, semi-orthogonalmul...

─ Fair scheduling algorithms have been proposed to tackle the problem of bursty and location-dependent errors in wireless packet networks. Most of those algorithms ensure the fairness property and guarantee the QoS of all sessions in a large-scale cellular network such as GSM or GPRS.In this paper, we propose the Weighted-Sacrificing Fair Queueing (WSFQ) scheduling algorithm for small-area and ...

The requirements are clear that the exploration of the issues must be transparent, objective and comprehensive, and be included with a view to assist Parties in ratifying the Basel Ban Amendment. There are certain points in the present document that we believe are likely to fail the test of meeting fair standards of objectivity and comprehensiveness and moreover are, on balance, not aimed to as...

As we approach the millennium, it is worth asking some fundamental questions involving the life insurance industry. Perhaps the most fundamental of questions remains our year by year mortality projections and how the dual observations of an upward trend in life expectation and an increasingly sophisticated diagnostic and treatment strategy will interplay in the balance of determining a fair pre...

489 Vol. 7, No. 3, May–June 2001 Emerging Infectious Diseases of serious gram-positive infections in humans (with no animal use counterparts) are in the pharmaceutical pipeline (e.g., LY333328 and daptomycin) or have recently been approved (e.g., linezolid). We hope that a fair balance can be achieved by the human medical and the animal health and production communities with regard to the types...

Since the utilization of multiuser diversity in wireless networks can increase the information theoretic capacity, much attention has been paid to schedulers exploiting multiuser diversity. It is known that there exists a tradeoff between the capacity and fairness achieved by schedulers exploiting multiuser diversity. Due to its good balance between the capacity and fairness, the one-bit feedba...

Fair division methods offer guarantees to agents of the proportional size or quality of their share in a division of a resource (cake). These guarantees come with a price. Standard fair division methods (or “cake cutting” algorithms) do not find efficient allocations (not Pareto optimal). The lack of efficiency of these methods makes them less attractive for solving multi-agent resource and tas...

We show that infinitesimal probabilities are much too small for modeling the individual outcome of a countably infinite fair lottery.