Heading date is a critical trait for adaptation of rice to different cultivation areas and cropping seasons. We evaluated the heading dates of 1,123 chromosome segments substitution lines (CSSLs) in the genetic background of an elite rice variety Huajingxian74 (HJX74). A CSSL with the substituted segments from Zihui100 exhibited late heading under both natural long-day (NLD) and natural short-d...

We demonstrate the use of a chromosomal walk (or "tiling path") printed as DNA microarrays for mapping protein-DNA interactions across large regions of contiguous genomic DNA in Drosophila melanogaster. Microarrays were constructed with genomic DNA fragments 430-920 bp in length, covering 2.9 million base pairs of the Adh-cactus region of chromosome 2 and 85,000 base pairs of the 82F region of ...

HROMOSOME 1 of Spinacia oleracea, the longest of the complement, con'tains the "alleles" X , X", and Y , that effect sex determination (ELLIS and JANICK 1960; SUTO and SUGIYAMA 1961; IIZUKA and JANICK 1962). The genotype X X is pistillate, X"X and X"X" are potentially monoecious (although X"Xm is more highly male), and X Y and X"Y are staminate. The standard chromosome 1 is heterobrachial with ...

In this paper, we propose a scheme for multipath multicast routing in MANETs using reliable neighbor selection (MMRNS) mechanism. MMRNS operates in following phases. (1) Computation of reliability pair factor based on node power level, received differential signal strength between the nodes and mobility, and pruning neighbor nodes that have reliability pair factor lesser than a threshold. (2) D...

Given a set S of n points in k-dimensional space, and an L t metric, the dynamic closest pair problem is deened as follows: nd a closest pair of S after each update of S (the insertion or the deletion of a point). For xed dimension k and xed metric L t , we give a data structure of size O(n) that maintains a closest pair of S in O(log n) time per insertion and deletion. The running time of algo...

Iroquois (Irx) proteins comprise a family of homeodomain-containing transcription factors involved in patterning and regionalization of embryonic tissues in both vertebrates and invertebrates. The six murine Irx genes are organized in two clusters, each consisting of three genes. Irx1, Irx2 and Irx4 belong to the IrxA cluster on chromosome 13, whereas Irx3, Irx5 and Irx6, comprising the IrxB cl...

assume that $(n,l)$, is a pair of finite dimensional nilpotent lie algebras, in which $l$ is non-abelian and $n$ is an ideal in $l$ and also $mathcal{m}(n,l)$ is the schur multiplier of the pair $(n,l)$. motivated by characterization of the pairs $(n,l)$ of finite dimensional nilpotent lie algebras by their schur multipliers (arabyani, et al. 2014) we prove some properties of a pair of nilpoten...

Let $G$ be a graph with $p$ vertices and $q$ edges. The graph $G$ is said to be a super pair sum labeling if there exists a bijection $f$ from $V(G)cup E(G)$ to ${0, pm 1, pm2, dots, pm (frac{p+q-1}{2})}$ when $p+q$ is odd and from $V(G)cup E(G)$ to ${pm 1, pm 2, dots, pm (frac{p+q}{2})}$ when $p+q$ is even such that $f(uv)=f(u)+f(v).$ A graph that admits a super pair sum labeling is called a {...