Objectives To determine if medical graduates from an Australian university are educated and skilled in health advocacy for their future practice with patients and the wider community. Methods The authors used an exploratory mixed methodology starting with curriculum mapping of the medical curriculum, followed by key informant interviews with the University of Notre Dame, School of Medicine ac...

In the past decade, language functions have attracted increasing attention of Chinese secondary school English teachers. However, students seem not to have explicit knowledge in this aspect. This study investigated Chinese students’ awareness of functions and explored the causes of the status quo. Based on the results achieved through a questionnaire survey, textbooks analyses and teaching anal...

eaching and learning are complementary processes that are most effective when teachers and students employ compatible methods and when their goals are aligned. Four “spherical cows,” metaphors for implicit assumptions made about key teaching and learning concepts, are explored. Explicit conceptualizations, drawn from selected research and theory and based on the understanding that knowledge is ...

This study investigated the amount of incidental vocabulary learning through comprehension-focused reading of short stories and explicit instruction to this goal.  Forty male high school students were selected randomly, and divided into two groups of twenty.  One group of these students was given five 400-word-level short stories to read with the purpose of comprehension, and the students in th...

This paper provides a brief overview of an implicit training method used for teaching autonomous agents to represent humans in 3D Virtual Worlds without any explicit training efforts being required.

This paper provides a brief overview of an implicit training method used for teaching autonomous agents to represent humans in 3D Virtual Worlds without any explicit training efforts being required.

The development of our team for RoboCup '99 is mainly oriented towards a transparent way of transferring explicit knowledge into the agent control and its combination with learning algorithms capable of ne-tuning the acquired skills. The explicit knowledge is formulated in terms of rules, the non-explicit knowledge is to be realized as a set of parameters adapted by hierarchical reinforcement l...