Clinical aspects, laboratory investigation, and treatment of hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism are reviewed in light of recent information. Special circumstances, such as hyperthyroidism during pregnancy, Graves ophthalmopathy, iodine-induced hyperthyroidism, and subclinical hypothyroidism, are also considered.

BACKGROUND Pancytopenia is a rare complication of hyperthyroidism. Various mechanisms have been described such as immunological, bone marrow suppression. The possibility of hyperthyroidism should be considered in patients with unexplained pancytopenia. There are many case reports showing the association between hyperthyroidism and pancytopenia. All of these reports show association between Grav...

The thyroid gland is located at the base of the neck, in front of the trachea (windpipe) and esophagus (tube that connects the mouth with the stomach). The thyroid produces thyroid hormone, which helps to regulate many body functions. In hyperthyroidism, the thyroid is overactive and produces more thyroid hormone than the body needs. Women are more likely than men to have hyperthyroidism, and i...

Hyperthyroidism is a pathological syndrome in which tissue is exposed to excessive amounts of circulating thyroid hormone. The most common cause of this syndrome is Graves' disease, followed by toxic multinodular goitre, and solitary hyperfunctioning nodules. Autoimmune postpartum and subacute thyroiditis, tumors that secrete thyrotropin, and drug-induced thyroid dysfunction, are also important...

Lithium treatment is usually indicated in bipolar disorder. It associated with hypothyroidism and very rarely hyperthyroidism. We report here the results of exploration a case thyrotoxicosis occurring during lithium salts. This was 16-year-old patient ongoing for two half years who presented syndrome without context iodine overload or an episode anterior cervical pain that could suggest subacut...

Hyperthyroidism is recognised as the most common endocrinopathy of older cats, however, despite worldwide occurrence, the pathogenesis of feline hyperthyroidism remains unclear. A number of epidemiologic studies have identified risk factors, however; as yet, none have been shown to cause hyperthyroidism. Traditional methods of managing feline hyperthyroidism include thyroidectomy, anti-thyroid ...

introduction: during the angiography of coronary vessels a great amount of  iodine mixed with radio-contrasts enter the body, and if autonomic centers exist in thyroid it causes hyperthyroidism. this can be dangerous in patients with cronary artery disease (cad). this study aimed to determine the effect of a radio-contrast used in coronary angiohraphy on thyroid’s function in patients referring...