The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) principle of Engvall and Perlmann, which employs antigen-coated tubes and enzyme-labeled anti-immunoglobulins, was elaborated for use in cholera serology. Immunoglobulin class-specific determinations of primary binding titers of antibodies to cholera exotoxin and endotoxin were more sensitive than were neutralization and vibriocidal tests. It was no...

The role of Pseudomonas aeruginosa exotoxin A was studied in acute and chronic pyelonephritis models employing an exotoxin A-producing strain PAO, and its toxin deficient mutant PAOT1. Interestingly, the mutant strain was found to be at an advantage in its ability to induce acute pyelonephritis and it induced severer renal pathology. No significant differences were observed in the ability of th...

The structural gene encoding streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin type B, designated speB, was cloned in Escherichia coli and localized onto a 4.5-kilobase BamHI-BglII DNA fragment. Streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin type B, partially purified from E. coli clones, was immunologically related to streptococcus-derived toxin. Also, toxin derived from either E. coli or Streptococcus pyogenes had similar ...

An in vitro model was used to compare the effects of linezolid, clindamycin, and penicillin, alone and in combination, on streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin A (SPE A) release against virulent group A streptococci (GAS). All regimens exhibited lower (P < 0.05) SPE A release at 1 h than those with penicillin alone. Linezolid and clindamycin, alone or in combination with penicillin, may optimize the...

IL6-PE40 and IL6-PE664G'" are chimeric molecules composed of interleukin 6 (11.6) fused to a truncated form (PE40) or a full-length mutated form (PE664GI")of Pseudomonas exotoxin. Both forms of IL6Pseudomonas exotoxin are cytotoxic to IL6 receptor-bearing tumor cell types in culture. In this report, we show that both IL6-PE40 and IL6I'l .(•><>"''" have antitumor activity against the hepatocel...

IL6-PE40 and IL6-PE664Glu are chimeric molecules composed of interleukin 6 (IL6) fused to a truncated form (PE40) or a full-length mutated form (PE664Glu) of Pseudomonas exotoxin. Both forms of IL6-Pseudomonas exotoxin are cytotoxic to IL6 receptor-bearing tumor cell types in culture. In this report, we show that both IL6-PE40 and IL6-PE664Glu have antitumor activity against the hepatocellular ...

considering the ever increasing population and industrialization of the developmental trend of human life, we are no longer able to detect the toxins produced in food products using the traditional techniques. this is due to the fact that the isolation time for food products is not cost-effective, and even in most of the cases, the precision of practical techniques like bacterial cultivation an...

Immunotoxins are potent cell-killing agents that may be useful in the treatment of cancer. The early production of neutralizing antibodies to immunotoxins is one of the major limiting factors for their use in humans. 15-Deoxyspergualin (DSG), a derivative of spergualin, which is a metabolite of Bacillus laterosporus, has been found to have immunosuppressive activity in rodents, dogs, and primat...

Purified pyrogenic exotoxin from Group A streptococcal filtrates (Streptococcus pyogenes, type 10, strain NY-5) has been characterized primarily as a protein complexed with hyaluronic acid. Amino acid composition and analysis revealed a typical acidic protein with an average molecular weight of 29,000. The purified exotoxin was free of streptolysins O and S, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotidases...

CRM66 (cross-reactive 66 kDa protein) is an inactive mutant form of Pseudomonas aeruginosa exotoxin A that has been isolated from a mutant strain of P. aeruginosa derived from nitrosoguanidine-based mutagenesis. The mutation within this enzyme toxin was previously identified as H426Y and it was shown to possess significantly reduced enzymic activity. Furthermore, it was previously suggested tha...