Sodic soil is one of the most common problems of limiting agricultural production that related on irrigation. Saturated hydraulic conductivity is one of hydrodynamic characteristics in evaluating transmission flow through underground levels. To investigate the role of increment of exchangeable sodium in hydraulic conductivity changes (as characterized by the mobility of water in soil) an experi...

Considering the impacts of agricultural runoff, domestic and industrial effluents on quality many dams rivers as cited in literature, a physico-chemical study regarding water assessment Ghunghuta dam has been carried out to indicate irrigation suitability water. In present study, parameters like pH, EC, TDS, TH, Ca, Mg, Na, K, carbonate bicarbonate were estimated evaluate sodium percentage (% N...

1. The converting-enzyme inhibitor captopril has been given in doses up to 450 mg daily to hypertensive patients with renal artery stenosis and to patients resistant to other therapy. 2. Captopril alone was effective in controlling hypertension in renal artery stenosis, irrespective of whether pretreatment plasma angiotensin I1 was raised or normal, except in one man with overall renal impairme...

Septic tank effluent is inherently high in sodium ions relative to divalent cations (high sodium adsorption ratio). The disposal of septic tank effluent to the soil will cause the sodium ions to disperse the clay colloids, resulting in a physical blocking of the soil pores. Hydraulic conductivity will be reduced and the effluent will fail to dissipate into the soil profile. In designing the dis...

Fourteen patients with untreated mild to moderate essential hypertension had, on average, an abnormally high cardiovascular reactivity to exogenous noradrenaline and angiotensin II, while plasma noradrenaline, renin activity, exchangeable body sodium, and blood volume were normal. Treatment with a low dose of indapamide (2.5 mg/day) for 6 weeks decreased blood pressure by 10% in these hypertens...

Nguyen, Minhtri K., and Ira Kurtz. A new formula for predicting alterations in plasma sodium concentration in peritoneal dialysis. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 288: F1113–F1117, 2005; doi:10.1152/ajprenal.00387.2004.—Alterations in the plasma water sodium concentration ([Na ]pw) result from changes in the total exchangeable sodium (Nae), total exchangeable potassium (Ke), and total body water (TB...