Rice comes second after wheat in Iran`s food consumption economy. However Iran is one of the greatest rice importer countries all over the world because of its rising population and recent growth in GDP. This paper presents an analysis of cointegration test between rice import and it`s economic factors over the period 1990-2011, employing Engle-Granger model. At first, Dickey-Fuller test shows ...

Countries select particular exchange rate arrangements for a variety of reasons. For example, the ability to conduct an independent monetary policy is often cited as the main advantage of having a floating exchange rate regime. Conversely, countries sometimes tie their exchange rate to that of a larger country—foregoing the ability to conduct independent monetary policies—to benefit from the re...

China’s maintenance of a de facto peg against the US dollar during the Asian crisis caused a realignment of exchange rates in the Asian region. This paper explores the “equilibrium” level of China’s real effective rate in the lead-up and during that crisis. A derivative of the Devarajan-Lewis-Robinson three-good general equilibrium model is employed to estimate time paths of the equilibrium rea...

The purpose of this paper is to shed some light on the association between the stock returns of German DAX corporations and movements of the U.S. Dollar. The link turns out to be rather unstable, but it depends significantly on direction and magnitude of foreign trade, and on the existing level of the DM/ Dollar exchange rate. This conclusion is based on exchange-rate-exposure and APT-modelling...

he Asian currency crisis of 1997-98 was characterized by an abrupt reversal of foreign capital flows. Before the crisis, foreign capital inflows had allowed the crisis countries to attain a higher level of investment spending than could have been supported by domestic saving alone. Domestic and foreign investors suddenly lost confidence, liquidating their local asset holdings, and moving their ...

â â â â â â â â â â â  the recent global crisis, as a big crash ( baldwin and simon , 2009), has reduced foreign demand growth affecting total countries’ exports. given the importance of foreign trade to nations and the reality that recent crisis has affected international trade we study the effects of the global financial crisis on trade relations between countries by using ma and cheng (200...

Trade liberalization and its effect on unemployment have, over the years, attracted greater research attention from many researchers, given attendant negative effects it has growth of an economy. The study investigated trade liberalization's impact Nigeria's 1981 to 2022. divided into exports imports trade. employs Ordinary Lease Square. conducted for descriptive statistics tested unit root whe...

U.S.-Japan as well as U.S.-Canada bilateral real trade balances, real exchange rates and relative real GDP is non-stationary in levels revealing I (1) behavior. There are evidence of co integration, long-run bi-directional causal flows among variables with no clear evidence of feedbacks in different lag structures. INTRODUCTION Japan and Canada are the most important trading partners of the Uni...