87 86 Ž In this study, variations in MgrCa, SrrCa and Srr Sr ratios in a Holocene Belgian speleothem cave secondary . carbonate deposit are interpreted in terms of changes in water residence time and changes in weathering processes, possibly Ž . induced by changes in West European climate. A stalagmite from the Pere Noel cave Belgium was dated with the TIMS ` ̈ UrTh method and was deposited bet...

The object of tissue analysis is to secure an accurate representation of the condition of the tissue in its normal state. This can be accomplished only by first maintaining conditions which prevent further changes during the final preparation of the tissue. In the procedures now in general use the tissue is rapidly frozen in liquid air (1) or a CO2 snow-ethyl chloride mixture. It is then either...

In many places in the world, soil information is difficult to obtain and can be non-existent. When no detailed map or soil observation is available in a region of interest, we have to extrapolate from other parts of the world. This chapter will discuss the Homosoil method, which assumes homology of soil-forming factors between a reference area and the region of interest. This includes: climate,...

The wasteful system of flood irrigation being widely practiced for cotton production in India needs replacement by efficient systems conserving water. Cotton productivity can be boosted optimizing the nutrient and water application through modern resource conservation techniques. Therefore, a field experiment has been conducted during summer (Kharif) season year 2016 2017 to investigate consequ...

Soil–vegetation–atmosphere interaction has long been known to induce significant pore pressure variations at shallow depths and associated superficial slope movements. Recent findings suggest that the effect of this may also extend large in natural clay slopes. Multiple examples weather-induced deep landslide mechanisms can be found Southern Apennines (Italy), where slopes are often formed fiss...


 In this study, a quantitative assessment of spatial extent arid and semi-arid climatic zones India was performed for the period from 1988 to 2018 using potential evapo-transpiration (PET) calculated by Modified Penman Method, estimated global climate data sets. Climatic water balances computed 625 stations across country are used classifying bio-climate types based on moisture index area...

Malir River which is the major seasonal river of Karachi once supported market gardening practiced in Karachi. Its valleys and plains, comprises cultivated lands vegetables fruits that fulfilled local demand. But with a shift rainfall characteristics, cultivation also started to recede slowly as many crops could not withstand prolonged drought conditions farmers were ready take risks hence aban...

As fresh water supplies become more unreliable, variable and expensive, the water-related implications of sustainable agriculture practices such as cover cropping are drawing increasing attention from California's agricultural communities. However, adoption winter remains limited among specialty crop growers who face uncertainty regarding use this practice. To investigate how crops affect soil ...

Annual and seasonal evapo-transpiration (ET) were compared among Mojave Desert shrubs with different leaf phenologies over a 3-year period during which annual precipitation varied from well below average to more than twice average. During the wet year, soil wetting fronts reached maximum depths of 0)75 m to '1)95 m, depending on soil texture at the study sites. The evergreen shrubs Larrea tride...