in this paper a fuzzy analytical network process model for supporting the vendor selection process in strategic situations is suggested. first, the vendor evaluation problem is putting together by use of the multi-criteria decision-making (mcdm) approach and a five-step hybrid process, which incorporates the technique of fuzzy analytical network process. then the modified topsis (technique for ...

BACKGROUND Children with phonological problems are a significant proportion of many therapists' caseloads. However, little is known about current clinical practice with these children or whether research on the effects of therapy have influenced this practice. AIMS To investigate the methods of assessment and remediation used by therapists working in the UK. METHODS & PROCEDURES A questionn...

Background ICONS is a cluster randomised controlled pilot trial designed to provide preliminary evidence of the effectiveness of a systematic voiding programme (SVP) for the management of continence after stroke. Stroke services were randomised to receive the SVP, the SVP plus supported implementation, or usual care. Process evaluations are designed to evaluate fidelity and provide explanatory ...

The Business-to-Business Meeting Scheduling Problem was recently introduced to this community. It consists of scheduling meetings between given pairs of participants to an event while taking into account participant availability and accommodation capacity. The challenging aspect of this problem is that breaks in a participant’s schedule should be avoided as much as possible. In an earlier paper...

We investigated the speech processing and production of 2-year-old children acquiring isiXhosa in South Africa. Two children (2 years, 5 months; 2 years, 8 months) are presented as single cases. Speech input processing, stored phonological knowledge and speech output are described, based on data from auditory discrimination, naming, and repetition tasks. Both children were approximating adult l...

Discrete multi-criteria decision problems with numerous Pareto-efficient solution candidates place a significant cognitive burden on the decision maker. An interactive, aspiration-based search process that iteratively progresses toward the most preferred solution can alleviate this task. In this paper, we study three ways of representing such problems in a DSS, and compare them in a laboratory ...

The purpose of this paper is to present results of initial experience with a clinical reasoning task which assesses two clearly defined aspects of clinical problem solving. Fourteen senior and 40 junior medical students at the University of Michigan Medical School participated in this study. They were given three clinical reasoning problems--the hypothesis generation and testing tasks (HG & T)....

Introductory biology courses are frequently offered separately to biology majors and nonbiology majors, with the assumption that the two groups of students are different enough to merit different courses. To assess the evidence behind this assumption, we compared students in two different genetics classes at the University of Colorado–Boulder, one class for nonscience majors (nonmajors) and the...

OBJECTIVE To provide an overview of the status of monitoring and evaluation (M&E) of school feeding across sub-Saharan Africa and to reflect on the experience on strengthening M&E systems to influence policy making in low-income countries. DESIGN Literature review on the M&E of school feeding programmes as well as data from World Food Programme surveys. SETTING Sub-Saharan Africa. SUBJECT...