نتایج جستجو برای: euro 4 emission standard
تعداد نتایج: 1897748 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical and economic consequences of the introduction of contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS) into the diagnostic clinical algorithm for the characterization of incidental focal liver lesions (FLLs). METHODS This prospective study enrolled 485 subjects at three hospitals in Italy. Two diagnostic algorithms were utilized: (1) a classic ...
conclusions in our center, prolonged length of stay in the icu correlated positively with euro score. the overall predictive performance of euro score is acceptable and provides both surgeons and intensivists with a good estimate of patient risk in terms of icu stay. background risk stratification models allow preoperative assessment of individual patients cardiac surgical risk and enable analy...
BACKGROUND Simulation is an essential tool in modern medical education. The object of this study was to assess, in cost-effective measures, the introduction of new generation simulators in an adult life support (ALS) education program. METHODS Two hundred fifty primary care physicians and nurses were admitted to ten ALS courses (25 students per course). Students were distributed at random in ...
OBJECTIVES In the standard economic model of evaluation, constant discount rates devalue the long term health benefits of prevention strongly. This study shows that it is unlikely that this reflects societal preference. DESIGN A thought experiment in a cause elimination life table calculates savings of eliminating cardiovascular disease from the Dutch population. A cost effectiveness analysis...
PURPOSE Laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) means a patient investment of 2426 Euro per eye, which usually cannot be funded by European health care insurers. In the context of recent resource allocation discussions, however, the cost effectiveness of LASIK could become an important indication of allocation decisions. Therefore an evidence based estimation of its incremental cost effectiveness ...
The introductory phase of the European Monetary Union ended with the emission of euro currency in 2002. We present a review of the experiences with the new monetary union. Using a Taylor-rule, we analyze the ECB’s conduct of monetary policy. The empirical results suggests that the ECB applies similar weights to inflation and the output gap as the Bundesbank in the past, but more than proportion...
OBJECTIVE This paper explores the use of pharmacoeconomic methods of valuation to health impacts resulting from exposure to poor air quality. In using such methods, interventions that reduce exposure to poor air quality can be directly compared, in terms of value for money (or cost-effectiveness), with competing demands for finite resources, including other public health interventions. DESIGN...
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