Shallow water zooxanthellate coral reefs grade into ecologically distinct mesophotic coral ecosystems (MCEs) deeper in the euphotic zone. MCEs are widely considered to start at an absolute depth limit of 30m deep, possibly failing to recognise that these are distinct ecological communities that may shift shallower or deeper depending on local environmental conditions. This study aimed to explor...

Diffuse attenuation coefficient of photosynthetically available radiation (PAR), KPAR, is a key product ocean color remote sensing. Current algorithms generally detect only the average KPAR within one optical depth, KPARRS. Due to marked vertical variations knowledge KPARRS insufficient accurately evaluate submarine light field. By using field in situ observations, two-step approach, based on d...

In oceanic subtropical gyres, primary producers are numerically dominated by small (1-5 µm diameter) pro- and eukaryotic cells that primarily utilize recycled nutrients produced by rapid grazing turnover in a highly efficient microbial loop. Continuous losses of nitrogen (N) to depth by sinking, either as single cells, aggregates or fecal pellets, are balanced by both nitrate inputs at the base...

Mesoscale eddies play an important role in regulating biogeochemical cycles. However, the response of variables to cold and warm has not been well elucidated, mainly due most previous studies relying on remote sensing techniques lacking situ observations below surface water. Here, we used hydrographic biochemical data from one survey northwestern Pacific document vertical structure two eddies. ...

The Cooperative Institute for Great Lakes Research (CIGLR) in collaboration with the Observing System and National Oceanic Atmospheric Administration, Environmental Laboratory (NOAA GLERL) deployed an autonomous underwater glider southern Lake Michigan several times per year between 2012 2019 to collect offshore (>30 m depth) limnological measurements, including temperature, photosynthetically ...

• In situ indices of iron limitation in phytoplankton • Phytoplankton biomass and systematics with flowcytometry and microscopy North American scientists discussed the fundamental questions and observational details of proposed comparative studies of ecological processes in the upper waters of the oceanic subarctic Pacific. The physical setting of the subarctic Pacific was well described by Fav...

Dispersal limitation, not just environmental selection, plays an important role in microbial biogeography. The distance-decay relationship is thought to be weak in habitats where dispersal is high, such as in the pelagic environment, where ocean currents facilitate microbial dispersal. Most studies of microbial community composition to date have observed little geographical heterogeneity on a r...

In our study of Station ALOHA, a site representative of the oligotrophic North Pacific subtropical gyre (NPSG), alkenone content and composition were examined in (1) sinking particulate materials collected in sediment traps moored at 2800m during 2 year-long deployments (1992–1993 and 2000–2001) and (2) suspended particulate materials collected throughout the euphotic zone in two contrasting se...

[1] The primary nutrients that limit marine phytoplankton growth rates include nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), iron (Fe), and silicon (Si). Atmospheric transport and deposition provides a source for each of these nutrients to the oceans. We utilize an ocean biogeochemical model to examine the relative importance of these atmospheric inputs for ocean biogeochemistry and export production. In the c...