We analyzed data from over 4500 elephants to show that animals in European zoos have about half the median life span of conspecifics in protected populations in range countries. This discrepancy is clearest in Asian elephants; unlike African elephants in zoos, this species' infant mortality is very high (for example, twice that seen in Burmese timber camps), and its adult survivorship in zoos h...

The first Jewish ghetto in Poland, established soon after the German invasion in 1939, was perhaps the most hermetically sealed-off mass prison of World War II. As the living conditions deteriorated year after year, the depleted community was plagued by epidemics of infections and endemic diseases. The extermination process was completed with frequent “relocations to the East,” as the deportati...

BACKGROUND When cooking on a barbecue grill, consumers often use aluminum grill pans. For one, the pan catches the fats and oils that would drip into the embers causing the formation of potentially noxious smoke, and the pan also protects the food from being burned by direct heat from the coals. In addition, new aluminum products for use in ovens and grills are becoming increasingly popular. Du...

a 32-year-old man was attacked by flies while camping around khorram abad, lorestan province, western iran. pruritic dermatitis with marked edema and considerable discomfort appeared mainly on the lower legs. the flies were identified as simulium . simuliids are tiny bloodsucking flies, popularly known as blackflies or buffalo flies, belonging to the dipterous, family simulidae. they are occurr...

OBJECTIVE To describe the distribution of mortality among internally displaced persons during two and a half months after the Indian Ocean tsunami, 2004. DESIGN Cross sectional household survey with retrospective cohort analysis of mortality. SETTING Camps for internally displaced persons due to the tsunami in an eastern coastal district of Sri Lanka. PARTICIPANTS 3533 people from 859 hou...

Modern GPUs adopt massive multithreading and multi-level cache hierarchies to hide long operation latencies, especially off-chip memory access latencies. However, poor cache indexing and cache line allocation policy as well as a small number of miss-status handling registers (MSHRs) can exacerbate the problem of cache thrashing and cache-missrelated resource congestion. Besides, modulo address ...

BACKGROUND In patients, rapid identification of bacterial species may help to guide treatment at early stages. New protocols for the identification directly from positive blood culture flasks significantly helped in the presented case report. CASE PRESENTATION Two patients (a father and son) presented with diarrhea, malaise, and fever of 3 to 4 days duration. Blood cultures from both patients...