BACKGROUND The United States Environmental Protection Agency has established methods for testing beach water using the rapid quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) method, as well as "beach action values" so that the results of such testing can be used to make same-day beach management decisions. Despite its numerous advantages over culture-based monitoring approaches, qPCR monitoring ha...

Rainfall and its associated storm water runoff have been associated with transport of many pollutants into beach water. Fecal material, from a variety of animals (humans, pets, livestock, and wildlife), can wash into beach water following rainfall and result in microbial contamination of the beach. Many locales around the world issue pre-emptive beach closures associated with rainfall. This stu...

T his paper ascertains the extent of mispricing in equity portfolios, mispricing-divestment relation, and the role of African equities as risk diversification strategies during commodity market turbulence. Following Baur and Lucey (2010), one identifies an arbitrary commodity market crisis to be 1%, 5%, and 10% declining moments in returns. However, their approach is extended by usin...

U posljednih 20 godina vidljiva je sve veÊa uloga otvorenog træiπta elektriËne energije, jednako kao i u drugim sektorima. Savrπeno konkurentno energetsko træiπte efi kasno je, ali ga je teπko postiÊi. Treba uzeti u obzir posebna svojstva elektriËne energije. U ovom je Ëlanku pokazano kako se tradicionalni optimalni tok snage Optimal Power Flow (OPF) moæe proπiriti tako da ukljuËuje i potraænju...

we measured the impacts of coastal modification on beach erosion and beach retreat conditions, selecting the miankaleh region as an example of a complex high-pressure free zone with high levels of engineering and tourism activity. nine sampling transects, stretching from the shoreline to a 10 meter depth, were defined and 36 sediment samples were collected from the sea bed at depths of 1, 3, 5,...