The fundamental limitations of photoacoustic microscopy for detecting optically absorbing molecules are investigated both theoretically and experimentally. We experimentally demonstrate noise-equivalent detection sensitivities of 160,000 methylene blue molecules (270 zeptomol or 2.7×10-19  mol) and 86,000 oxygenated hemoglobin molecules (140 zeptomol) using narrowband continuous-wave photoacous...

OBJECTIVES Spatial assessment of traffic noise pollution intensity will provide urban planners with approximate estimation of citizens exposure to impermissible sound levels. They could identify critical noise pollution areas wherein noise barriers should be embedded. The present study aims at using the Geographic Information System (GIS) to assess spatial changes in traffic noise pollution in ...

abstract- noise is considered as one of the most debilitating conditions in farming operations. in this study, a number of factors affecting the noise generated by sampo 3065 combine harvesters were evaluated. factors were engine speed and gear ratio for combines with and without original cabins. a factorial experiment arranged as a completely randomized design with four replicates was used. re...

Universities often lack a detailed understanding of the environmental backgrounds of their students. One way to improve understanding is through segmentation, which breaks down a population into groups of people with similar characteristics. This study aims to use segmentation to determine groups within the student population, based on environmental attitudes, and compare these groups in terms ...

Three topics will be presented in this paper: 1) study of the clusters and groups of galaxies found serendipitously in the North Ecliptic Pole (NEP) region of the ROSAT all-sky survey; 2) the highest redshift clusters found in the EMSS and the cosmological implications of their very existence; 3) the gravitational lensing in the EMSS X-ray selected clusters of galaxies observed by the Hubble Sp...

A joint research group was formed to evaluate the effects of flooring and ceiling choices on controlling “corridor activity noise” in an occupied hospital. Beside noise control within the corridors, the sound absorption also played an important role in isolating sound from room to room and from nurses‟ station to patient rooms. In the present study, noise levels (recorded as percentile level Ln...